Superdry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Superdry - audition ExampleThis, however, does not translate to the fact that enterprises did not employ vexation models before this renewed kink of interest, but rather that, the business model did not carry much weight as it is does today. Arguably, the in vogue(p) advancement in information and communication technologies coupled with the wave of globalization has sparked the new-fashioned attention in business model innovation and business model design. In fact, the so-called e-businesses comprise new business models (Riley, 2009). Shafer, Linder and Smith (2005) postulates that majority of these models are related to e-business. Certainly, other forces have been at play in the recent development in business models such as forces resulting from deregulation and increased consumer awareness.New strategies for forces of competition in globally emerging markets have also accelerated researchers and practitioners towards the systematic theatre of business models (Grant, 2001). M ost academics study concurs that, for companies to be successful in such different and ever dynamic environments, it is imperative to come up with innovative business models (John, 2008). In point of fact, globally motivated enterprises that aim to reach the top campaign in the global markets must find business innovations and model an important constituent (McWilliams, 2000). Therefore, it is precisely properly to state that, for an organization to thrive in the current dynamic markets, the management must have transfer on skills in business models. In this regard, this study will attempt to look at divers(a) models that can be used by Super Dry in the endeavor to become a globally competitive fashion industry (IBM, 2006).Superdry owes its existence to a British international corporation, Super congregation Plc. The Superdry products include fashion and clothing line designed in Americana styling inspired with Japanese

Bullying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Bullying - screen ExampleIt is agreeable that bullying is practiced mainly in schools and over the internet and this form of harassment comes with adverse negative impact on the youths among other victims. However, the author has stated that the problem female genital organ be effectively control guide through several measures. Notably, this denomination is not only educational and exciting, but also comprehensive. For instance, it has discussed various forms of bullying, their causes and effects. Most of the articles addressing issues on bullying have always failed to discuss how bullying has affected students.The assertions in the article concerning bullying have also been comprehensively substantiated development clear examples. The claim that school bullying has led to enormous number of suicide incidences in United States has been substantiated by using the case of Phoebe Prince, who pull suicide as a result of school bullying. To validate the assumption that cyberbullyin g net lead to sedate psychological and mental problems, the article has provided an example of the death of a thirteen-year-old Megan Meier that came because of a serious psychological problem. Moreover, the arguments select more than one principle.The opinions in the article are convincing because they are explicit, logical and have been presented using a plain language. Reading through the article, there are no technical words that can cause problems to the readers. The use of technical words always affects the readability and understanding of the main ideas being presented. The lucidness of the first paragraph clearly brings the message that the article is about bullying. Arguably, with the use of complex words, it would not be easy for the readers to understand the main arguments by going through the first paragraph. The article is explicit because the readers can easily recognize the

PetMeds Outputs Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

PetMeds Outputs - Case instruction ExampleThis paper volition dwell on the different levels of outputs on PetMed Express, Inc. PetMeds does business as 1-800-PetMeds victimization three main sales channels - Internet, telephone, and direct get away/print. It is Americas leading pamper pharmacy that markets prescription and non-prescription pet medications and other health products for dogs, cats and horses (PetMed Express Inc, 2009).The company employs customer c be representatives, marketers, pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, warehouse associates, knowledge technologists, accountants, purchasers, human resource personnel as well as supervisors and managers. These individuals serve at the spunk action hosts of customer care, warehouse, pharmacy and corporate departments.The paper volition identify the different outputs at the different individuals. The group output will be discussed according to the departments. The system outputs will involve the overall surgery and dur ability of PetMeds in the pet pharmacy industry.Individual outputs in the Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model complicate individual behavior, performance and effectiveness (Falletta, 2005). ... Marketers are in control of the different promotional strategies of the company such as advertising, mail catalogs and press releases. On the other hand, pharmacists and pharmacy technicians are in-charge of the prescription needs of customers and pet owners. Their output would be the prescription orders of customers. The warehouse supervisors and associates are accountable for all the warehousing of inventory and shipping of prescription and non-prescription pet medicines. The accountants are liable for the monetary transactions such as account payables and receivables as well as monitoring of the companys costs and expenses. The purchasers are responsible for procurement of pet medications including health and nutritional supplements from different manufacturers and suppliers of the company. world resource personnel are in-charge of the retention as well as recruitment and selection of employees. Their outputs will be the optimum number of employees that the company requires for its day-to-day operations.Aside from the expected functional outputs of individual employees, they are also appraised on their performance such as their absenteeism, lateness and levels of employee satisfaction and stress.Group OutputsThe group outputs of an organization include the performance and effectiveness of the group as well as intergroup conflict, collaboration, and communication (Falletta, 2005). PetMeds have four core groups in the company that is responsible for different functions and processes. These groups are customer care, pharmacy, warehouse and corporate departments (PetMed Express, 2009). This paper will focus on the core

Global health Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Global health - Assignment ExampleIn the year 2005 alone, all over 17.5million persons succumbed to cardiovascular diseases. This is a staggering 30% representation of ends sphericly (World Health Organization, 2014). Deaths related to cardiovascular diseases is mainly common in ontogenesis countries and global health stakeholders need to improve health care systems in much(prenominal) countries. Malnutrition is another health issue that still needs to be eradicated globally and in particular, in the developing world. At the present, mortality drift among children aged 5years and below stand at 7.5million annually. This is a case whereby preventable measures may involve establishing efficient healthcare systems and funding to sustain such systems in the long boundary basis. On another note, infectious diseases is also causing headache to global healthcare stakeholders such as the World Health Organization (WHO). In 2008 alone, over 6.7 million persons succumbed to infectious d isease. This prevalence rate is high compared to persons who die from natural causes or other man-made catastrophes (Ney, 2012).HIV/AIDS is still a imperil globally and new infections are reported almost on a daily basis. Much has been through to eradicate Tuberculosis however, while the treatment is free, Tuberculosis is still a major cause of death in the developing world as a result of ignorance and lack of concerted effort from healthcare stakeholders in various countries, especially the developing world Malaria on the other hand, records high mortality rate among children aged below five years because a lack of primary prevention, and in particular, the Sub-Saharan Africa (Lavery et al., 2013). The solutions to global health problems require a thourough research by the major stakeholders. This allows the establishment of proper mechanisms or policies to adopt with global health problems and avoid the mismanagement of funds channeled to solve the various global health problem s. The

Babylonians and Sumerians Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Babylonians and Sumerians - Essay ExampleThe police detective states that one of the points of commonality between Sumerians and Babylonians is religion. Babylonians and Sumerians were both highly polytheistic. At some points, as neighboring city-states, Babylonians and Sumerians shared the same gods. All these gods were based on the perceptions that people had towards forces of nature. To this extent, both the Sumerians and Babylonians had the god(s) of air, sun, moon, rain and sea. Both civilizations also had towers or ziggurats in the middle of their cities. Sacrifices were offered to the pantheon of gods in Sumeria and Babylon. Nevertheless, in the offering of sacrifice, there is a parting point since the Sumerians offered solitary(prenominal) crop harvests while the Babylonians sacrificed even their children. Both civilizations were city-states. Again, both civilizations had all-dispensing rulers. In Sumeria, the powerful political ruler, Gilgamesh was also a priest. However, in Babylon, Hammurabi (fl. ca. 1792 1750 BC) the ruler was a king, priest and lawgiver. Both civilizations lend oneselfd the Sumerian language, though the Babylonians limited their use of the Sumerian language to religious purposes. The Babylonians used the Akkadian language for official purposes while the Sumerians had their own language. According to Finkel and Reade, Babylonians is no doubt one of the biggest city-states in Mesopotamia. For one, as touching architecture, Babylonians erected massive buildings and architectural structures such as the abeyance Gardens and the Ishtar Gates. The Babylonians among many other things invested advanced techniques of irrigation along the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. This helped the Babylonians grow a lot of crops. Gadotti observes that the Sumerians also had their inventions, even in the field of architecture and art. One of the most remarkable works of Sumerian art is the Erech vase in alabaster.

Summarization for 7 chapter of the weather makers Essay - 1

Summarization for 7 chapter of the weather makers - leaven ExampleThe effects of clouds on spherical heating plant be lifelessness being investigated (Flannery 153-165). The Commitment and overture Extreme Danger (Seventeen) Although most of the greenhouse gases that was emitted during the WWI as our great-grand mothers stoked their fuel stoves is still warming the earth, It is not until astir(predicate) 2050 that we bequeath be equal to begin feeling the full effect of those greenhouse gases that happen to still be in circulation. The Earths current average temperature stands at around 59 degrees F and a slight increase could potentially wipe out most of the worlds species and billions of mass (Flannery 166-170). Leveling the Mountains (Eighteen) The temperature drops by about 1 degree F for every distance of about unitary hundred yards travelled up a mountain. Without this effect, mountains would not be any different from the lowlands that surround them. In the past, whe n the world warmed at a rapid pace, most of the mountain-dwelling species use to inexorably and swiftly swallow to the cool higher regions. It is possible to accurately calculate when some of these mountain dwelling species will dumb rear extinct given the current rate of global warming. The only species that stands to gain from the effects of global warming as animals retreat to the cooler temperatures are the four strains of malaria causing parasites (Flannery 171-177). How Can They Keep On woful? (Nineteen) This is a brief chapter of the book in which Flannery seeks to explain just how climate change might potentially impact the worlds various habitats in the coming decades. Previously, Most of the worlds species had been able to escape the potentially catastrophic effects of climate change by moving up the mountains to the cooler parts where they could be able to find favorable temperatures necessary for their survival. However, as a result of global warming, there has been the formation of large water bodies being formed from the melting ice that serve in inhibiting the movement of these animals up the mountains. Various human activities such as buildings and fences are excessively playing a huge role in blocking the routes that these species normally use for migration. The effects of climate change are not limited to affecting only the animal species as various plant species are also being negatively impacted as well. Flannery explains how they fynbos which is one of the six floral kingdoms in the world and is found in the Cape Fold Mountains stands to lose nearly half of all its present species by the course 2050 if migration is restricted. Flannery is keen to point out that if immediate action were to be taken, we could potentially be able to notwithstanding at least two species for every species that is killed failure to this, three out of every five of these species will not survive to see the turn of the century (Flannery 178-183). Boiling th e Abyss (Twenty) In the past, scientist thought that the dying(p) of most deep-sea dwelling fish immediately they happened to be brought up to the mount by the trawling nets used by marine biologists was attributed to the change in pressure. Modern scientists father proven this to be wrong and have attributed the deaths to temperature change. These fish are used to surviving in water temperatures that are close to zero and the surface temperatures are too high for them. The ocean is separated into different layers based on temperature. If perchance the ocean happens to absorb too much CO2, it

The bridge over river kwan movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The bridge over river kwan movie - render ExampleThe main characters in the movie are military leaders from Thailand and British. twain of them command their groups towards well-timed(a) and effective completion of the bridge. Colonel Nicholson is the captured British and Colonel Saito is the leader of the prison camp.The two characters show different lead sprint which is critical in military commanding and any other organizational unit. At the beginning of the movie, it dissolve be noted that there is a clash of ego and differences in opinion between Nicholson and Saito. Saito is resolute on ensuring all men get to work irrespective of their cadre which is contradictory to Nicholsons set discipline which makes him assert that his men are not supposed to offer manual travail (Allon 38). Their labor management and project execution approaches seems to differ and this can be highlighted as shown below.Colonel Saito exercises directive style of leadership while Colonel Nicholso n is an indirect influencer These styles can be supported by the fact that Colonel attempts to command and lead from the motility by forcing prisoner English servicemen to work beside their men and he takes control in his hand when he fells the Engineer has not delivered desired results (Bourke 65-8). On the other hand Colonel Nicholson asserts his leadership acumen by vehemently refusing to give in to Japanese demands. He makes good his course of action by working on base his men which is inspirational to the workers.It can also be observed that Saito acts purely from an objective leadership stand when he decides to give his workers off and time to rest despite the tight schedule to complete the bridge. This is a shift from Colonel Nicholson subjective approach which is exhibited when he decides to redesign the bridge although with ulterior motives to bring down colonel Saito.Both leaders show result driven leadership style in which the end justifies the means. Colonel Nicholson shows outstanding take of

Spectrums in physics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Spectrums in physics - Essay ExampleLight forms a continuous spectrum but homo shopping malls are only capable of seeing the spectrum of visible light corresponding to a wavelength assert of 400 to 700 nanometers and a color lay of violet through red (Kusterer, 2007). This means that normal homophile vision has a limited visual range and can perceive only to such an extent. Among the visible colors, violet has the shortest wavelength at 400 nm. Indigo follows it about at around 445 nm while the wavelength for the low-spirited light that gives color to the sky measures 475 nm. Green comes next with about 510 nm while yellow follows closely at 570 nm and orange at 590 nm. The last visible color in the spectrum is red, with a wavelength range of 650 nm through 700 nm. The colors with relatively longer wavelengths, red and orange, are usually less expeditiously scattered so they are more readily seen at sunrise and sunset. Blue and violet light, on the other hand, are normally sca ttered. So far, this is the visible and observed spectrum of light of which the normal pitying eye is capable. (Kusterer, 2007)Since light is a continuous spectra, there are numerous wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum that normal human vision cannot perceive. Some of this light energy embarrasss those with wavelengths that are too short for the human eye to see. These include ultraviolet light and the spectra of light that causes sunburns and the same light used for skin tanning.Another spectra of light which rest invisible to the human eye includes those with wavelengths that are considered too long for normal human vision to perceive. These include infrared light and those that make adjacent things hot such as light energy advance from the campfire or stove burner. Light spectra with very long wavelengths are usually significant in that they radiate heat to outer space for if they do not do so, the solar energy absorbed by the Earth would remain trapped and continue to heat the planet. (Kusterer,

Edit research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Edit research newspaper publisher - Essay ExampleOver the years, the country has established its supremacy in the global oil market.For the recent decade, a mean yield of 10.26 million barrels per day has been produced by the country. Figure 1 shows that this is 12% of the total world supply. In 2011, the oil-based parsimony generated 11.8 million barrels per day, raising their production share to 13%. The world Saudi Arabia is followed by Russia, United States of America, and China with shares of 12%, 12% and 5% respectively (See accessory Table A). The domestic production of the country grew by a yearly average of 3.6% from 1991 to 2011.This growth is accommodating for the countrys export market and profitability making it beneficial for the overall development of the economy (Yizraeli, 2000).In terms of exports, Saudi Arabia as well as led the industry in 2009 with 8.2 million barrels a day. The country has captured 12.4% of the total world exports during the year. Russia p laced second with 5.2 million followed by Iran with 2.8 billion. 20% of the countrys exports go to the United States of America. Japan and South Korea also imports significant portions of Saudis supply (US nada Information Administration, 2010).On the other hand, despite the consistent boost in production of oil, the world pray for the commodity has been volatile. Figure 2 shows the instability in the world-wide engage for oil, these factors may have been influential to the export performance for crude oil.Figure 2 depicts the demand of the world, US, Japan and South Korea. The latter three mentioned were also included because these are significant importers from Saudi Arabia. The demand for oil has been volatile from the 1990s to early 2000 as reflected from the fluctuations in the graph. Near 2008, downward demand trends are manifested from the world, US, Japan and South Korea. Periodic drops in demand are apparent, and seem to relate to business cycles. During this

Recommendation Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Recommendation Letter - Essay ExampleIn addition, from his diligent exit, Jores proved to be an prodigious student with exemplary grades.Since Clinique Du Gros Chien Hospital serves Duala, the economical capital of Cameroon, Jores has remained pivotal in providing incredible services to our clients, a factor that for the last one year has increased the number of our clients and revenue significantly. He can work both independently as well as team player to achieve excellence in the desired outcome of the hospital.Jores has demonstrated a progressive interest in national environmental affairs and international development through our environmental education initiative. Jores utilized the opportunities that environmental program provided to display her undecomposed leadership skills when he successfully organized and implemented environmental group projects within Duala and its environs.Apart from Jores stagecoach in MD from France, I understand that he intends to pursue masters in the same bank note any time from 2015. I would like to add that he has written excellent reports with the experience and pictorial matter that he acquired from our hospital and beyond.I am, therefore, faithful that Jores Kenmoe possesses brilliant abilities, both, as a student and a professional, and I believe he would remain a great asset to any organization. For more details rough Jores Kenmoe, contact me on +237

Should Gay Marriage Be Legalized Research Paper

Should Gay Marriage Be Legalized - research Paper ExampleEach person is entitled to the analogous thing as everyone else. Along those same lines, unification, and the rights of homosexual couples should be regarded in the same way. The tho thing that sets these people apart from others is their sexual orientation. If they were to be denied the same rights of heterosexual couples because of their sexual orientation, then, as Americans, we would be risking coming off as liars and being prejudice. Furthermore, our expanse embraces diversity, and by denying one group privileges that they should be entitled to, we be denying our country the chance to really give out as a diverse, open-minded country.Unfortunately, the debate for legalizing gay spousal relationship goes much further than how we are viewed as a country, going against our own morals. As aforementioned, civil and equal rights play huge roles in pass of gay couples to become married. Homosexual couples are being denie d what should rightfully be theirs (Lauricella, 2010). There really is no law, such as in the Constitution, that states that a homosexual couple cannot married. While states may have it in their constitutions to not recognize same-sex marriage, the United States, as a whole, has nothing to state the same. Therefore, the concept of legalizing gay marriage can be done on a state-by-state basis, as the countrys Constitution is already open for it. This is where the trouble comes in, however. Some states are open for gay marriage, but others are not. There are homosexual couples that can splice in one state, though others that may not be allowed to marry in another state. The equality is there, just not spread out enough.Other issues that exist because of gay marriage debates are the rights that homosexual couples have, or do not have. There are some states that not only allow and recognize gay marriages but allow those couples the same rights as heterosexual couples. The few states th at strain civil unions, however, do not recognize these rights for the homosexual couples.

Contemporary Issues in Business (Individual Report) Essay

Contemporary Issues in Business (Individual Report) - Essay ExampleOver unyielding periods of geological time, the soils climate has been forever and a day changing in response to the tilt and shape of the earths orbit as it moves nearly the sun, the strength and intensity of the sun coupled with the com correct of the earths atmosphere, the basic shape and position of the continents. There has been strong evidence that some human activities such as the use of fossil fuels argon responsible for the constant emission of harmful greenhouse gases that are now causing an increase in the earths temperate in addition to other changes in climate (Richter 2010). Greenhouse emissions are currently communicate to increase significantly within the next few decades which will cause an increase in world(prenominal) temperatures and subsequently put to great risk the human society and natural environment worldwide (Pedersen and Nordic Council of Ministers 2000). Climate Change and the Greenh ouse Effect The temperature on the surface of the earth is largely determined by the balance between the energy that is constantly re-radiated to space from the earth mostly in the form of infra-red ray and the energy that comes from the sun which is seen to be in the form of visible shaft of light (sunlight). When the sunlight passes through the earths atmosphere, it has relatively very little warming effect but when it finally manages to come into connexion with the earths surface, it warms it and the earth in turn warms the atmosphere by both convection and via emission of infra-red radiation which are absorbed by the greenhouse gases (R.I.C. Publications 2007). The greenhouse gases eventually return some of the infra-red radiation vertebral column to the earths surface which ends up further warming the earths surface. An analogy of this chain of events is often made with reference to greenhouses which generally allow sunshine to pass through their clear pliable or glass wh ich in turns stop the heat that is inside the green house from escaping into the atmosphere and thus the use of the term greenhouse effect (R.I.C. Publications 2007). fogey Fuels and the change in Climate System Fossil fuels are formed when the bodies of living organisms die and remain compressed and heated over extremely long periods of time to form natural gases, oil and coal. When burned, fossil fuels are seen to produce significant amounts of energy a factor which causes them to be considered as an extremely valuable energy source. However, the burning of these fossil fuels produces the emission of nose candy dioxide, resulting in the introduction into the carbon cycle of carbon that would have otherwise still remained trapped in the earths geosphere (Downie, Brash and Vaughan 2009). It is currently estimated that the burning of fossil fuels is responsible for adding to the atmosphere an estimated 3.2 one thousand million metric tons of carbon. Because the earths carbon cycl e is unable to absorb all of this extra carbon being released into the atmospher

The mystical body of Christ in Catherine de Hueck Doherty's Vision for Thesis Proposal

The mystical body of Christ in Catherine de Hueck Dohertys Vision for Lay Aposto belatedly - Thesis proposition ExampleThird, Doherty had been a prolific writer and her works continue to influence many people, congeal and religious. The lay apostolates she founded, the Madonna syndicate and the experience House, continue to publish her writings, articulate her views, venerate her life, and propagate her writings. Finally or fourth, a number of non-famous and famous lay workerslike Dorothy Dayhave expressed that they have been invigorate by Doherty. Through the identification of the key perspectives espoused by Doherty, it is possible to explore central theological themes or theme through which the lay apostolates of the pre-Vatican II Catholic Action era were built and how the laity implement the papal encyclicals of pre-Vatican II. Doherty has been known as a refugee from the Russian Revolution who had possessed nothing more than the array she was wearing and the deep religio us faith she embraced since childhood. She had lived as a Russian Baroness and as a beggar. She avoided end during her escape from the Bolsheviks and walked in the shoes of both the rich and the poor.1 During the 1920s, her first years in the United States and Canada, she make her living in temporary jobs. While working at a department store, she was overheard talking more or less her experiences as a member of the Russian nobility, and was offered an opportunity to travel and deliver speeches on the subject. Later, subsequently having lived in poverty for many years, she earned back the wealth she held in Russia. However, following her successful years in the Chautauqua circuit,2 she eventually abandoned material possessions and committed herself to a simple life and lay apostolate. Inspired by Rerum novarum, 3Quadragesimo anno,4 and Pope Pius XIs letters on the subject of Catholic Action,5 she established Friendship House in the slums of Toronto with the goal of forming a non-s egregated residential home for the citys poor. Beginning her initial apostolate, Doherty lived in community with the poor of Canada. In 1936, she set up two more houses in Ottawa and Hamilton, Ontario. By 1938, priests in New York City asked her to open a fourth in Harlem. Eventually, Dohertythrough support of the Catholic Interracial Council6was able to open a Friendship House in Chicago, Illinois (1942).7 Three years after marrying journalist Eddie Doherty,8 she moved to Combermere, Ontario, and together the Dohertys founded in 1947 a second apostolatethe Madonna House. According to Julie Leininger Pycior, Dohertys Friendship House championed living out the Gospels through opposition to racial injustice and solidarity with the poor at the height of its influence in the late 1930s and early 1940s, Harlem Friendship House served as a pioneering center of Catholic lay activism for social justice.9 In her early years as a lay founder, she sought to remedy social problems by reaching o ut to the most impoverished individuals and providing nurture on Catholic Social Teaching. Her goal was to address both the spiritual and immediate physical demand of those she served, and to encourage others to recognize the dignity of every human being made in the image of God. During the late 1940s and into her Madonna House period, Dohertys vision of the lay apostolate broadened considerably as she began to view Catholic Action as multidimensional, extending far beyond protests of social injustices she viewed the lay apostolate as the fruit of an intimate family with Christ in the sacraments, particularly the

The history of Canadian hockey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The recital of Canadian hockey - Essay ExampleHistorians have argued for the past 2 centuries about the origins of hockey. It is generally hold that hockey was an evolution of the game hurley that had been adapted to p jelling on ice. The name hockey is believed to have bob up from the French word hoquet meaning shepards stick (Origins and Roots). While British historians have tried to lay claim to the game, Canadian experts flatly disagree. British historian Ian Gordon wrote in 1937 that the game of hockey was first contend at Windsor Castle in 1853 by members of the Royal Family (qtd. in McFarlane 1). Still others place the origin in Europe as early as the 16th century. A painting titled Hunters in the coke by Pietr Bruegel from 1565 depicts skaters carrying sticks that resemble recent hockey sticks. One of the figures is about to strike a small bombastic object (The Origins of Hockey). Canadian researchers however are quick to point out that the painting does not show the s kates required to be called hockey. Researchers can also leave Canadian hockey earlier than the 1853 date cited by Gordon.. Hockey historian Howard Dill places the birthplace of hockey at Long Pond in Windsor, Nova Scotia in 1810 (McFarlane 1). This is supported by Dr. Sandy Youngs book, Beyond Heroes A Sport History of Nova Scotia. Dr. Young refers to a quote by Thomas Chandler Halliburton who graduated from Kings-Edgehill School in Windsor in 1810. He recounts playing ... hurley on the long pond on the ice (qtd. in McFarlane 2). Another anonymous student wrote of his experience at the same school and says they used to skate in winter on moonlit nights ... his front teething knocked out with a hurley (qtd. in McFarlane 2). The first documented and verified incidents of hockey seem to have been contend at the beginning of the 1800s in Nova Scotia.Wherever it was originally played, it probably evolved in several places over a period of years and was spread by immigrants and migran t workers. However, there is little debate about modern hockey. The first rules to hockey were laid down in 1879 by a group of Students at McGill in Montreal (McFarlane 2). This laid the foundation for organized college games and set the stage for the future of professional hockey. The National Hockey coalition (NHL) was formed in Canada in 1917 (McFarlane 15). Leagues such as the westerly Coast Hockey League and the Western Canada Hockey League came into existence and passed as suddenly as they came. By the end of the 1920s, six gay hockey had been standardized, the forward pass was allowed in all zones, and the Stanley Cup became the exclusive right of the NHL (McFarlane 15). Hockey go along to expand during the 1930s through the 1960s attracting fans all across North America. Dominated by the Canadian teams of Montreal and the Toronto Maple Leaves, it was also successful in northern American cities such as Detroit, Boston, and Chicago. World War II impacted hockey as it did o ther major league sports. Transportation became a problem and legion(predicate) players were drafted or enlisted in the armed services. However, by 1970 professional hockey was seeing major expansion by the addition of teams all over North America. The league had operated as a six-team unit for 50 years, only had added 10 teams to their ranks in the years 1967-1972 (McFarlane 117). Teams in southern cities such as Atlanta and Los Angeles were taking reward of hockeys

Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology - Essay ExampleThe select aims on molecular epidemiology approach to learn viral pathogens of aquaculture with dynamic approach to control the disease in aquaculture. The study emphasize on viral disease of salmonid fish grounds, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), salmonid alpha virus (SAV) and infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV). Noteworthy upshots of molecular epidemiological incorporation to occupy the study encompass enhanced taxonomic categorization of viruses, an improved perception about natural parceling of viral strains, an augmented discernment about the derivations of viral strains in aquaculture, molecular epidemiological incorporation improves an assenting to understand the hazards caused due to translocation of pathogens as well as how viral strains outsmart their accepted host range. The cognitive operation enhances the talent to mark out the basis of modernistic-fangled infection outbursts. The process thereby ena bles the researchers to formulate the basis of refinement with suitable upgrading if desired in diagnostic tools. The most imperative provision that researcher procure is the capability to categorize isolates procured with the molecular epidemiological procedures and therefore aims at better future research aspects. The introduction of new expertises like pyrosequencing enables researchers to produce explanatory molecular sequence data.

Civilians and law enforcement should be aware of the basic human rights Essay Example for Free

Civilians and law enforcement should be aware of the basal mankind rights EssayIn todays society, we live amongst social media and video recordings trying to expose police officers and different government officials alike. In reality, what could help those issues would be to get educated on both sides of the law. What does it mean to fill a seek warrant? Are you allowed to be searched without a warrant? These are basic human rights that both a civilian and civil service worker should know which all relate acantha to criminal procedure.When searching, search and seizure into the United States Code, there were a ton of things that turned up, but single stuck out an article titled, 16 USC 706 Arrests search warrants. Now, I have seen countless videos on YouTube of people howler that police are unlawfully searching them without their permission, Im sure we all have, but Ive always wondered who was in the wrong. Was it really the civil service workers fault? Were those peopl e right?This article states that the hardly way someone is allowed to be searched, and therefore arrested, without a warrant is if a police officer visually sees a crime being committed. This makes perfect sense for example, prostitution. If a police officer pulls up to a woman of the street and they offer that officer services, there is no reason for the officer to get a warrant. The prostitute has already committed the crime, which the officer has witnessed first hand. It goes on to state, then, that an officer can search anyone and anything IF they have a search warrant which can be obtained from the judge. But what happens when a person still doesnt destiny to be searched?That lead me to the joint article titled, 18 USC 2231 Assault or resistance. It is a dominion re activity, when a stranger enters your home, to be a bit taken aback. This article, however, talks about what happens when a judicial search and seizure take place and a citizen resists and/or assaults an offic er. When an officer has a warrant to search and/or seize some of your property, there is nothing you can do. Though, if you decide to take physical action against that officer, even using a deadly weapon, you could be imprisoned for up to ten years.These are erect glimpses into some of the United States Codes that make up our criminal procedure and our everyday laws. There is a unit process both parties have to go through when a suspected crime is committed. Not scarcely are these codes in place to help police officers, but to protect a citizen from unlawful treatment. sorry procedure is meant to help both parties and, hopefully, with a little bit of education, that message can be allot throughout the United States.ReferencesWorrall, J. L. (2015).Criminal Procedure From First Contact To Appeal(5th ed.). RetrievedAugust 26, 2017.2231. Assault or resistance. (n.d.). Retrieved August 26, 2017, fromhttp//uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=search%2Band%2Bseizuref=treesortfq=truenum=45hl =trueedition=prelimgranuleId=USC-prelim-title18-section2231706. Arrests search warrants. (n.d.). Retrieved August 26, 2017, fromhttp//uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=search and seizuref=treesortfq=truenum=18hl=trueedition=prelimgranuleId=USC-prelim-title16-section706sourcecredit

Future of technology (advantages and disadvantages) Essay Example for Free

Future of technology (advantages and disadvantages) EssayFrom day to day, our world has been changed gradu completelyy from one delay to another. Nowadays, technology has advanced in huge leaps and bounds. We cannot imagine the world without technological advances such as computer, televisions, and machines and so on. However there are some advantages and disadvantages of technology. First, technologies play an important role in society beca give it makes career easier to live on and makes time less consuming. People do not have to do all the hard labor anymore. For example, many people have washing machines, clothes driers and dishwashers, so the amount of faculty needed to wash and dry clothes and wash dishes is greatly reduced. Second, medical science is very reform-minded and saves many innocent lives. Medical treatment has been going well with the help of technology. Nowadays, hospitals use technology as assistance for operations. However, technology also brings harm to our society. The overuse and development of factory industries causes pollution to our world.For example the use of cars and machines causes smoke that affects the quality of our air and destroys our ozone layer and as a result people suffer illnesses same cancer. Another disadvantage is that technologies create financial problems in families because most technologies are expensive. For example people that do not have a washing machine will have to wash clothes by hand which is time consuming. In conclusion, we cannot stop technology from developing in our society. Nowadays, we as people trust on technology everyday to make our lives simpler. Without modern technology our world would be a lump place to live in.

Second Grade Experience Essay Example for Free

Second Grade Experience demonstrateDuring my second year in elementary school, due to the fact that I was doing so horribly in my grades, my parents decided to send me back to El Salvador to bring up my grades. In El Salvador, I lived with my grandma, my cousins, my outstanding aunts and uncles, and most of my family. The schools in El Salvador were so much more different than the schools in America. Since El Salvador is a poor country, the schools couldnt afford to serve lunch and the houses were much smaller. In America, most kids did not unfeignedly walk or play outside they were usually kept locked up in their room, sipping on succus and watching tv.But the kids in El Salvador they knew how to live their life with meaning. Every single day, as I make more and more friends, I would go to the soccer field and play games outside. We would play tag, soccer, baseball, loony ball pretty much any kind of sport you could imagine. The soccer fields in El Salvador were the place w here I, eventually, learned to play softball. Softball is like baseball exclusively is usually referred to as, baseball but for girls. After learning how to play softball, I decided to join a small softball team up that was formed in my second grade class of elementary school.Being on that team, allowed me to be at the fields even more and taught me to love the sport. The idea of fresh air, blue skies, grass stains, balls, and bats made me excited and energetic. Every time I smasher the ball with my bat, I ran as fast as my legs could take me, striving to reach the home plate and score a point for my team. Running on the fields all day and hanging out with friends, giggling at our innocent, naive quirks and remarks gave my childhood, memories of freedom and promise. I instanter look at life like a baseball diamond you just have to hit the ball and keep running until you finally reach home plate and win.

ABC Inc. New Hire Case Analysis Essay Example for Free

ABC Inc. cutting Hire Case Analysis EssayMr. Carl Robins, recently hired as a recruiter, is tasked with setting up an orientation for a group of bare-ass hires he recruited for Operations Supervisor Monica Carrolls. There is a circus amount of preparation work that expects to be effected prior to the orientation information data files and do drugs screening for each person, compevery orientation and policy manuals, and a location for the orientation process to happen. In order for the new hires to jump work by July, enough conviction has been allocated for all tasks to be completed and room reservation prior to the orientation class on June 15. Not all of the requirements have been met, and prison term is short. A plan needs to be developed and utensiled to ensure that situations like this argon no longer experienced at ABC Inc.See more Satirical elements in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn renderBackgroundThis case study recognizes the problems that Carl Robins is ex periencing with flummoxting an orientation class set up, and go away focus on those problems that have affected his ability to have the orientation on the projected date.Key ProblemsOne of the samara contributors to the issue is that Carl Robins is new to his job, and this is the rootage class of new hires he is responsible for. According to Top Suggestions on Improving Employee Efficiency (2012), It has a lot been said that a advantageful business operation, regardless of its size, depends on the potent management of people, products, and processes. (para. 2). The key problems that Monica Carrolls needs to be aw ar of and have examined earlier a resolution throw come to the fore be achieved are as follows Carl Robins interview process Carl Robins time management skills knowledge parts supply of new hire materialTraining room reservation processCarl Robins Interview paradeOne of the first things to look at would be to review Carl Robins interview process. What does Carl Robins do with the applications before he invites eachone to sit for an interview? Does he verify the prospective new hires application for completeness first? Does he require the application to include the prospective new hires transcripts when it is submitted to the company for stipulation?Carl Robins Time Management SkillsSomething that is very important and every company pass on consider is whether or non their employees are productive and doing their job as efficiently as possible. They want to make sure they are getting the best employees possible for the money that they pay out to them. Mr. Robins first recruited these new hires in archean April. It is now near the end of May with only a couple of weeks before the orientation is divinatory to happen.What has Mr. Robins been doing for the last eight weeks that he is just now noticing issues with the new hires paperwork? Did he file the applications and forget about them? He was reminded by Ms. Carrolls midway through May , and assured her that it would all be through on time. When he became frustrated about the paperwork, he went for a walk. Why did he not start to make calls to the new hires for the required documentation? Could he not have likewise started calling everyone to get the drug screening scheduled?Training Departments Supply of New Hire naturalABC Inc. is a company considerable enough to have a full-time recruiter on staff. They are, at that placefore, large enough to have a Training Department, or at a minimum, personnel responsible for the learn of new hires. These personnel should also be responsible to maintain the material needed to hand out to the new hires for their orientation to the company. Why were there only lead orientation manuals available? Why did those three have pages missing? Who is responsible for the supply of the training material?Training Room Reservation cognitive processWho had the training room reserved first? Is this training room scheduling log just a l ogbook or a paper calendar written in to reserve the room? Ifso, are they employ some type of permanent ink to avoid someone erasing a reservation? What kind of controls or supervision is in place to oversee the use of the training room?AlternativesCarl Robins Interview ProcessBe safari Carl is basically a new employee, and this is his first class of new personnel, has he been properly trained regarding all of the aspects of his avouch job? No company wants to have their employees set up for failure. The company could consider having Carl or any new hire follow a veteran employee to get a bring out understanding of their responsibilities. outset from the beginning of the hiring process, is Carl Robins following the companys guidelines and policies regarding the hiring of new personnel? As a recruiter, Carl is not long-familiar with all of the jobs at ABC Inc., and he should refer any applications to the appropriate department head for an blessing regarding the applicants quali fications. ABC Inc. should also require that all applications willing be complete, and include transcripts before being considered for employment.Carl Robins Time Management SkillsTime management is a skill that many people need to be taught for it to be effective. From the time that Carl hired the 15 new personnel in early April, nil has been reported as being accomplished to support the completion of the orientation class. Ms. Carrolls even checked up on him on May 15, to ensure progress was being made. Although there is currently no time before this orientation class, Carl Robins should attend a course on time management. According to Top Suggestions on Improving Employee Efficiency (2012) One of the best things that you can do is to invest in your employees capabilities by providing an educational activity and training program through which they can enhance their skills and develop their competences in relation to their tasks within the company. (para. 3)Training Departments Supply of New Hire MaterialThere are many automated systems that can enhance the logistical aspect of maintaining an inventory of material. For a company that has not already invested in an automated inventory management system, the cost to install a new one can be significant as well as the time it would take to get thesystem up and streak and employees trained on its use. While orientation manuals are probably not used very often in most companies, having to make an excuse to a new hire why there are not enough of them can lead to the perception by the new hire that the company is not a professional place of business. This can lead to the new employee deciding that they will be better off working somewhere else. Cause-and-effect analysis can also help us plan, make decisions, and implement important changes. (Clouse, 2008, Chapter 11, Cause-and-Effect Analysis).Training Room Reservation ProcessThe process that the training room is reserved is a simple matter to make it better an d more reliable. Instead of using a log that any employee can release in or erase data from, have one of the Training Departments personnel be responsible for the documentation of the reservations. There are also many incompatible methods to automate the process. A simple spreadsheet on a computer that people have the authority to write information to but do not have the authority to delete information from could solve reduplicate booking of the room. ABC Inc. could also utilize a conference room, if the company has one, as an alternative to a training room if a double booking occurs. There is also the option of renting a conference room at a local hotel for the orientation class. Many hotels will even add a lunch if the class is long enough.Proposed SolutionCherry (2012), The ultimate goal of problem-solving is to overcome obstacles and finger a solution that best resolves the issue. (para. 1). For the moment, the best resolution to this problem is to postpone the class to the beginning of July. This will allow the new hires the ability to complete their applications and get the required transcripts in to Mr. Robins before the orientation. It will also allow sufficient time for the new hires to complete the required drug screening. The Training Department will be able to replenish the stock of orientation manuals for future classes. Joe, in technology services, will be able to complete his training requirement for the new database software eliminating the double booking of the training room. This will allow ABC Inc. the ability to get through this issue without letting the first impression of the new hires to be one of disorganization.RecommendationsIt is recommended that after the orientation has been completed Ms Carrolls takes action regarding Carl Robins interview and hiring process, and coach him to a better understanding of the companys policies and needs when it come to new hire training. Reinforce the trustfulness and teamwork ethic ABC Inc. has so that he does not believe he is overwhelmed when a problem presents itself. stretch forth a time management course for employees so they will be better able to place their tasks and complete them in a more efficient manner. ABC Inc. should also implement a different scheduling process for the training room that provides better accountability.ConclusionWhen looking at this situation from the outside, there is no company, manager, or employee that wants to do a bad job. When an employer sets up their personnel for success, the company will gain as a result. Many times the issue at hand is the effect from an underlying cause or multiple causes. This issue has brought to light an opportunity for ABC Inc. to set up its personnel for success and improve some of its processes to operate more efficiently.ReferencesCherry, K. (2012). What Is Problem-Solving?. Retrieved fromhttp//psychology.about.com/od/problemsolving/f/problem-solving-steps.htmClouse, B.F. (2008). The Student Writer ( 7th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook assembly database..Top Suggestions on Improving Employee Efficiency . (2012). Retrieved from http//www.sixsigmaonline.org/six-sigma-training-certification-information/top- suggestions-on-improving-employee-efficiency-.html

Night Hoops Essay Example for Free

Night Hoops Essay cub Word Shakers, When I started reading the watchword, Night Hoops by Carl Deuker, I was very bored. I mat like I wasnt relating to the characters and the plot was moving too slowly. I questioned whether I should start a new book however, I persevered just like Nick, and I am very grateful that I stuck with it. After reading Night Hoops, I have developed a new mindset on how I should pursue my goals no matter what impediments obstruct my ability to reach them. Nick, the protagonist, always dreamt of earning his spot on his high schools varsity basketball team, but his road to the team was filled with family troubles world overshadowed by his older brother, Scott and run-ins with Trent, the local bully. However, Nick persevered through it all and accomplished his goal of making the varsity basketball team. Over the past few years, I have been extremely dedicated to becoming the beat golfer I can be. However recently, I have lost my enthusiasm for the game.B ecause of this, I savour like I can relate to Nick and although he is a fictional character, use him as inspiration to rededicate myself to the game of golf. Aside from my fascination with Nicks perseverance and dedication, I was intrigued by the fellowship that developed between Nick and Trent, the local bully. At first, Trent and Nick didnt get along. In fact, Trent beat Nick up. However, as Deuker took us through their relationship we saw how they soon became good friends who were connected through the game of basketball.From this, I realized that some of the people best fit for you could be effective under your nose, but they put up a facade to support their tough guy count on so you dont get a chance to get to know who they truly are. other aspect of the book that really captured my attention was how Nicks father applied pressure on him to succeed in basketball. At first, this pressure really inhibited Nicks ability to shoo-in good basketball. However, as he became used to the pressure and used it as motivation, Nick became the player both he and his dad always wanted him to be.This brings up the dilemma that a lot of parents struggle with today. Should they weigh their kids to succeed or should they let their kids succeed on their own? There is no right or wrong answer to this question, but I think it is fascinating that Deuker poses this question in a book written for teens. More than just my experience with the different characters, I loved Deukers very patent description of the basketball games He caught it in stride, soared upward in the same fluid motion, and gently place the ball against the backboard. It dropped through the net just as the horn sounded.A tenth of a molybdenum later we were jumping all over him (167). I felt like I was at the game, school term on the edge of my seat praying that the ball falls through the net, and jumping into the air screaming in joy when it does. Although I loved his poetic descriptions of the basketb all games, I felt like too practically he used very basic, simple language. Every book has its flaws, but if you are into basketball, like a story about perseverance, or want to be taken through a great friendship then this book is definitely for you. I hope that you enjoy this book as much as I did. Yours Truly,

The Rise of Christianity in the Roman Republic Essay Example for Free

The Rise of Christianity in the Roman Republic EssayThroughout the Roman republic and most of the empire, the Roman worship was polytheistic. The religion was based on the Hellenic religion and included multiple gods and goddesses who were anthropomorphic and barbarous. However, during the first century of the honey oil Era, Judaism and mystery religions such as Mithraism, Eleusis, and Christianity were becoming increasing popular. Roman rule tried to control the col of these religions but eventu on the wholey Christianity became the chief religion of Rome and its empire.In the early stages of these new religions, Rome was surprisingly tolerant. Many rulers allowed citizens to practice these religions and asked only for simple patriotism and to recognize the holidays of Roman gods. Most Jews and Christians were uncooperative with this notion. In fact, many radical Jews and Christians emerged. A notable radical Jesus, who was an orthodox Jew, led and taught the good news to his followers. This dogged disobedience enraged rulers such as Nero and Diocletian, who ordered for many Christian persecutions.Diocletian ordered that churches and sacred books be destroyed throughout the Empire. Nero is best known for a devastating fire which was rumored to have been started by Nero himself. He tried to end these rumors by punishing many Christians as a distraction. Persecutions were common and often resulted in death. Women were persecuted the same as men. Christians accepted Jesus as their messiah after he had been put to a gruesome death under the orders of Pilate. At this time, the Roman Empire was in economic turmoil and Christian persecutions were its last attempt at control.A major turning point in the history of Christianity occurred in 312 of the current era. The story is told that Constantine, Roman emperor during this time, had a dream telling him to decorate his shield with the Greek letters for Christ. When he did so and was victorious during battle , Constantine decided that he would convert to Christianity. Constantine also ended all persecutions and allowed all Christians to worship freely. Theodosius the Great took the work of Constantine a step further. He forbade any religion to be practiced except Christianity. This movement gave many more privileges to the church.Churches could now own property and were exempt from indisputable taxes. Christians were finally free to live and worship. The phenomenon of Christianity was not a battle won easily. There were many cruel and devastating punishments to those who practiced against Roman religion. Men and women were put to death or forced into hiding in the first century. However, as the population of Christians grew rapidly, Roman law found it necessary to revise laws and allow Christianity inwardly the Empire. Christians had won the victory of faith and progressed onward through history.

Nonstop of Musical Innovation Essay Example for Free

Nonstop of euphonyal Innovation EssayIn recent times, pop culture had been virtuoso of the nigh sheer products of media which had strongly influenced many, many gen timetions including our present society. Legions of variant leaning caboodles from the rattling famous separates such as Beatles, The Who, Metallica and Aero Smith and other several(predicate) piles and artists draw sprung come to the fore through the years and control influenced the kind or genre of medicinal drug that can be currently heard by many people. Different age groups had been affected the lyrics, rhythm, and trends that all the bands had brought to the public. The popularity of the pop culture had permeate in contrastive parts of the unite States as well as other countries. Aerosmith In the beforehand(predicate) times of flutter candy practice of medicine artist such as Elvis Presley and the band called Beatles had been invading the airwaves. al around of the albums do by these art ists had been best sellers in the world having sold millions and millions of copies in e really record that they cast off made. Because of the uniqueness and charm of these artists many people had been captivated by them. Millions of fans adores and put them in a al-Qaida same(p) they were gods.Devotion to these people was too much that there were horrendous acts done by people just in order to see them live. The frenzy of admiring controversy and roll bands had been absorbed by the succeeding(prenominal) generation and was passed to the incoming rock bands of the near generations. In the 1970s a naked as a jaybird rock band paved its sort in the rock medicament scene called the Aerosmith. This group became the most popular heavy rock band of the 70s that subscribe set the sound and style of heavy admixture and backbreaking rock for 2 decades fountainn their rough bluesy attitude.This Boston based group of five sight a sound between the menace of the band Rolling Sto nes and campy, grubby grandiosity of the punk rock band called the New York Dolls. In the flowery words of writer Stephen Thomas Erlewine Aero Smith real a lean, dirty riff-oriented boogie that was loose and swinging and as hard as a diamond (Erlewine n. p. ). The rock band was originally from Boston and was also known as The Bad Boys of Boston and The Greatest excite and Roll Band due to their attitude on stage and the transform that they carry contri exactlyed to the American music and its society.The band had mixed the sound of hard rock, metal, and RB which was imitated by many artists and bands of the following generations. The band have musically innovated this shell of music which had been their signature sound. However, this band did not start from the top of the music persistence thus they started in Massachusetts, Boston and eventually they were able to acquire supporters that followed them through out their c ber. The band Aerosmith is unruffled of 5 group members with Steve Tyler as the lead vocalist, Joe Perry and Ray Tabano as the guitarists, Tom Hamilton as the bassist, and Joe Kramer as their drummer. aft(prenominal) a few months of playing together, Ray Tabano was replaced by another guitarist elevated Brad Whitford. After hardly 2 years of continuous gigs the band already has recorded strainings for Columbia Records and their album was first discharge in 1973. Their album was entitled Aerosmith which already sold millions of records. Their following album was released and became successful. In 1976, their album rock-and-roll has made their existence in the music industry stable. Due to this album, the band had been named as one of the most significant artists that are in the hard rock genre.Through the continuous rise of the bands career, conflicts within the groups have risen. Misunderstanding among its group members became a problem that they needed to face. Another issue that they have to overcome was the drug addiction of membe rs of their group Due to these concerns two of the band members Perry and Whitford left the band in 1979 and 1981. In the following years of Aerosmiths career, they have received nominations and gained to a greater extent fans through the years.Due to the abiding popularity of the band and their claims, the new generations of listeners were grabbed by this band gaining more support and influence unlike other band did. The ability of the band to relate their lyrics to the current listeners and their talent to mix genres of music had been very helpful for the group because they had been flexible for all their listeners. Though the years, many different metrical compositions had been popularized by the band. Many crys made by Aerosmith have topped the charts of MTV, Billboard and the likes.They were also nominated in different parts of the world and had performed in different stages may it be in Europe, Asia, or Latin America. Their painss had been soundtracks for different movie s like Armagedon, Charlies Angels and other long list of other movies. All the songs that were done by the Aerosmith had been a hit for most people and one of the most popular songs that they had made was notch this Way. The song was made in 1970s and became one of the most popular songs at that time.The heavy rock blues of the song became one of the most significant symbols of the era due to the honestly of the lyrics and the upbeat rhythm of the song. It had captured the ears of mostly the teenagers who would definitely relate to the lyrics of the song. Walk this Way Aerosmith and impress DMC In the August of 1975, the song Walk this Way was released by Aerosmith that was in the Top of the Attic album. The song itself had topped the Billboard Charts 100 and Americas top ten (Power 22) when it was released.Based on Maury doyen the author of the book Rock N Roll Gold Rush A Singles Un-cyclopedia, utter that the song Walk this Way of the year 1975 said that its lyrics get often smushed by screeching guitars, smashing crash drum thunder, whooshing keyboards, and keening guitar articulaters. Then the bass uppercuts the overwhelmed singer off an amp the since of a Rolls-Royce these were that words show by the author as he describes the song launched by the Aerosmith. In another book write by Martin Power, he also described the song and said that the song Walk this way is a wise cracking tale of lost virginity (Power 22).In Songfacts. com, it was understood that the song was about a calorie-free cheerleader who leads a cultivate boy through his first sexual experience. In the following facts, it was said that the song was inspired by the movie Young Frankenstein. In the movie, Igor tries to teach Frankenstein to walk this way. Franskenstein then imitates the walk of Igor and learns how to walk. Aerosmith finds Frankensteins walk funny and then they decided to make it as the title of the song.Immediately, the song was written by Steve Tyler however, wh en they were about to record the song, he left the lyrics in the cab that they rode. Steve Tyler immediately ran outside of the studio but he was not able to neither call the cab nor obtain the lyrics again. In the last minute, Tyler wrote the lyrics on the wall. A fresh material such as the talk box was used in devising this hit song. For your added information, a device box is used by guitarists to create vocal sounds through a vinyl tube that is fastened to the unit that is attached to the output/speakers of the guitar amplifier.An example is in the video of the Bon Jovi Its My Life, where in the guitarist was controlling the sound of the guitar to create new dynamics of sounds being radiated by the guitar. In the continuing years, the song Walk this Way was stuck into the minds of people as well as many artists. The song was well treasured by many and due to this a remake of this song was made in 1986 by a group called recreate DMC. The group is composed of 3 African-American men that had made a mark in the musical industry similar to Aerosmith.The genre of this group is Rap and knock which is very different from the genre of the rock band. Parallel to the rock band Aerosmith, Run DMC are known in their specialized genre. They had also won awards in the MTV music awards and Billboard Awards. Currently they are seen as hip-hop legends and an inspiration for many aspiring artists of the present time (Sony BMG unison Entertainment n. p. ). The remake of the song Walk this Way by Run DMC made a unique strike in the music industry.The two very different musical genres have come together in one song without over powering or overlapping the unique sounds of the two bands. The rugged sound of Aerosmith and the upbeat tempo of Run DMC were both evident and enjoyed by their followers. Due to remake and the collaboration of the song, the lyrics of the next version were changed to fit the incrimination part of Run DMC which elaborated the theme of the song. In the book written by Anthony De Curtis, he verbalize that it was one of the first rap videos to get heavy play on MTV (DeCurtis 248).In another phrase stated in the book of DeCurtis he said that, the video was a successful attempt to salute rap music to the black-and-blue audiences (De Curtis 248). In the point of view of DeCurtis, he sees that the collaboration of these two fabled artists have opened up the white Americans and African-American supporters of these groups to open up the minds of in the types of music that they are hearing. Although in the 1990s, racism was not a larger issue unlike in the history of the coupled States, the types of music that person chooses reflects of the cultural background of the listener.The labeling of the hard rock genre is the type of music that white Americans wants to hear while the African-Americans listen to rap and hip hop music. Through this song, the strictly limited genres of hard rock and hip hop opened up to the whole society whi le showing that tweed American music and African-American music could be combined and eventually creating a new type of music. In addition, the video of the song was very symbolic in a sense that the video showed a wall separating the two artistswhich were purely whites (Aerosmith) and purely African-Americans (Run DMC) on the other side.In reality, the invisible wall that is separating the two escapes was very present due to many factors of the society. As mentioned earlier, the connotation of white Americans as listeners of the hard rock genre and the African-Americans as listeners of the hip hop culture. In the conservative view, any person that is showing absorb in a genre not usually apprehended by his/her race is seen as apostate to his/her community but through the music made by these artists. In some sense, the capability to think up up the two very different musical genres was made possible.Aerosmith and Run DMC were able to reach the citizenry and were able to commu nicate their intentions. The successful collaboration of these two legendary artists led the way for the younger generations to appreciate the new genre created by these artists. In much recent times, the very obvious collaborations of various artists with different types of genres had somehow been a trend. Current artists such as Linkin Park, Limp Biscuit, Korn, Papa Roach, Incubus and Blink 182 are some of the most popular bands who had been exemplifying the great influence Aerosmith and Run DMC.The mixture of hip-hop, rap and rock is in fact manifest in the music made by these artists. Still, the upbeat tempo of rhymed words and the heavy screeching of the guitar had been a great influence for many artists today and is continuously developed to create new genres of music. Looking at the current music industry, more and more artists had been collaborating with one another. wiz example is Mariah Carey which never fails to include collaborations in her album and it eventually beca me her signature style.Artists such as the down(p) Eyed Peas have collaborated with a couple of various artists that has different genres such as Sergio Mendez (Bossa Nova) , Justine Timberlake (pop/ RB) just to name a few. Jack Johnson an acoustic artist allows his music to be mixed which house music in order to create new a fresh sound out of the old ones. Timbaland a very well known producer and artists is one of the most famous individuals in Hollywood that made collaborations of artists. close to of the collaborations that he produced topped the charts in different parts of the country and the world.Through the continuous creativity, innovation and talent of the current generation as well as the influences that they had in the past, the simple genres of pop, rock, rap, had became much more several(a) and fluid. The conservative notion of just following the current trend in music, brave souls that are unforced to be rejected and ridiculed by the society due to the music that they believe is beautiful are very well known and very much appreciated by the listeners not only in the United States but also in various parts of the world.Conclusion Through the analysis of the artists Aerosmith and Run DMC, the song Walk this way (1975) and Walk this Way (1986), the video of the song, the current artists and their new innovation in their music, it is evident that the song and the legendary artists who bravely produced this song made a history in the music industry. The groups have opened up the creative minds of the new generation in creating new types of genres which could be more appreciated by various types of people because of the diverse mixture of sounds and rhythm.The one-time collaboration of Aerosmith and Run DMC have paved the way to many artist not to fear in creating the type of music that they really believe is striking and also be appreciated by many people. The constant innovation of music creates diversion of the music appreciated by everyone. The social construct of limiting a person or a race with the type of music that she or he should listen is now gone. The racial separation within the resource of music within the society had now been lessened.This creates a more diversified society and limits the barriers that are hold in the society from totally mixing with one another. Music is evidently one of the strongest influences that the society has. The wide ground of media and technology has allowed everyone to listen, and watch how various artists live their lives and inspire themselves in creating good music. The availability of the internet had created a much more intimate relationship between the artists and their supporters which creates much stronger connection between them.More and more artist had been influencing the people and society which creates more power and persuasion towards the people. WALK THIS WAY Aerosmith feat. Run DMC (1987) Theres a backseat lover, thats always undercover and I talked till my dad dy say, said ya aint seen nothin till your down on a muffin, and theres sure to be a change in way now theres a cheerleader, thats a real big pleaser as far as I could reminice and the best thing lovin was you sister and your cousin and it started with a weeny kiss, like this She start swingin with the boys in schooland her feet are flyin up in the air singin hey take on diddle with the titty in the nitty-gritty, and you swingin like you just dont care so I took a big chance at the high dance with a lady who was ready to play it wasnt me she was foolin cause she new what she was doin when she told me how to walk this way, she told me to CHORUS walk this way, talk this way (x2) she told me to walk this way, talk this way (x2) just give me a kiss like this school girl sleezy with a classy kinda sassy little skirt hangin way up her knee there were three young ladies in a school gym lockerand I find there were lookin at D I was a highschool loser never made it with a lady till the b oys told me somethin i miss then my next door neighbor had a daughter, had a favour and I gave the girl a little kiss, like this she start swingin with the boys in the school, with your feet flyin up in the air singin hey diddle diddle with the titty in the middle I was swingin like I didnt care so I took a big chance at the highschool dance with the miss who was ready to play wasnt me she was foolin, cause she knew what she was doin when she told me how to walk this way, she told me toCHORUS Works Cited Aerosmith, History. 2 July 2008. Aerosmith. com. 2 July 2008. http//www. aerosmith. com/index. cfm/pk/content/pid/400028. Aerosmith and Run DMC, Walk this Way (AeroSmith Run DMC). 2 July 2008. Lyrics007. com. 2 July 2008. http//www. lyrics007. com/Aerosmith%20Lyrics/Walk%20This%20Way%20(Aerosmith,%20Run%20Dmc)%20Lyrics. html. Dean, Maury. Rock N Roll Gold Rush A Singles Un-cyclopedia. Newyork Algora Publishing, 2003. 380. Power, Martin. The Complete Guide To the Music of Aerosmith The Complete Guide. New York Omnibus Press, 1997.22. Rubey, Dan. Voguing at the Carnival Desire and Pleasure on MTV. Present distort Rock Roll and Culture. Ed 1992. DeCurtis, Anthony. United States of America Duke Publishing Press, 1992. 248. Run DMC Featuring Aerosmith. Walk this Way. Posted on 2 February 2007. Retrieved 2 July 2008. http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=o8A0rhVG91U. Song Facts. Walk this Way 2 July 2008. Songfacts. com. 2 July 2008. http//www. songfacts. com/detail. php? id=1295. Sony BMG Music Entertainment. Bio. 2 July 2008. Run DMC. 2 July 2008. http//www. rundmcmusic. com/.

Life Cycle Costing Essay Example for Free

Life Cycle Costing EssayIt expects the untried products to have a life cycle of 3 years and the following appeals have been estimated. Particulars stratum 0 family 1 Year 2 Year 3 Units manufactured and sold 25,000 100,000 75,000 wrong per unit ? 90 ? 80 ? 70 Research and Development Costs ? 850,000 ? 90,000 - Production Costs variable cost per unit ? 30 ? 25 ? 25 Fixed costs ? 500,000 ? 500,000 ? 500,000 Marketing Costs uncertain cost per unit ? 5 ? 4 ? 3 Fixed Cost ? 300,000 ? 200,000 ? 200,000 Distribution Cost uncertain cost per unit ? 1 ? 1 ? 1 Fixed Cost ? 90,000 ? 190,000 ? 190,000 customer service cost per unit ? 3 ? 2 ? 2 Required to calculate the cost per unit looking at the whole lifecycle and comment on the price to be charged. Question 3 Fjalar AS, a software phoner developing a new accounting package, General book of account. The following are the budgeted amounts for General Ledger over a five-year product life cycle Particulars Yea r 1 2 Year 3 to 5 One-time set-up Cost Cost per package Research Development Cost ? 240,000 Design Cost of serve up ? 160,000 Production Cost ? 100,000 ? 25 Marketing Cost ? 0,000 ? 24 Distribution Cost ? 50,000 ? 16 Customer service Cost ? 80,000 ? 30 For strategic reasons, Fjalar AS have chosen to skim the market by charging higher price to customers eager to try General Ledger when it first comes out, and lower prices to customers who are volition to wait. The projected selling price per package and sales quantity in units is given below Particulars Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Selling price per package ? 600 ? 480 ? 400 gross revenue quantity in units 5,000 4,000 2,500 You are required to calculate the life cycle cost per unit and its in operation(p) profit.

Post Civil War South Essay Example for Free

military post Civil War confederation EssayAfter the war, the southeast was devastated and it was going to take a bevy of money and a lot of rebuilding for it to be self-sufficient again. It financially and architecturally succeeded in reinventing itself and in the thirty five years following the war, Southern iron, steel and textile industries emerged, with Railroads leading the Souths industrial expansion. The Southern economy grew and prospered, although it could never quite compete with the North in innovations or wages. at present that there were almost 4 million freed slaves invigoration in the South and a huge universe of poor white people, there was plenty of cheap labor and business owners took full advantage of the fact. What kept the South from a strong Industrial development was the inability of the White men to work aboard the freed slaves. Attitudes toward the freed slaves had not changed and were getting progressively worse. abusive Southerners were barred from working in industrial jobs and only a small percentage of White Southerners were employed in these jobs, therefore expansion could not take place.The South started on the right course and for a period of time it looked like the New South had rise but hatred towards the Black Southerners was the industrial development downfall with The South still strongly depending on agri acculturation as the economy stabilizer. Supposedly, the New South was based on rich natural resources, economical opportunity and increased racial equality, but after the North removed military admit in the South in 1877, the Southern White Democrats went to work at ever-changing their states constitutions and establishing legal barriers that kept the Black Southerners from voting.By 1913 new laws had been enacted, known as the Jim Crow laws, the made it unlawful for Black Southerners to comingle with White Southerners everywhere. military unit and Intimidation was the face of the New South now as Black Southerners and White Southerners competed for the same jobs. kills, beatings, false imprisonment and raping of the Black Southern women was all the freed slaves had to look forward to now, some of the same discourse many had to endure as slaves.Racial Segregation was fully embraced by the White Southerners and lthough the slaves had been freed, the South had whole failed in their quest for racial equality being a sign of the New South. http//www. civilwaracademy. com/reconstruction. html How did the culture of the Plains Indians, specifically the Lakota Sioux, change in the late 19th century? The Lakota Tribe first acquired horses in the 1700s and it changed their way of life as they knew it. Over the next 200 years, they saw even more of import changes, but none of them good.Their original warfare between other tribes was never to acquire lands or control people but to obtain more horses, as the Lakota directly equated honor with the number of horses they had. Their warfare s cheme changed as the white man encroached on their territory, threatened their buffalo and pushed them out of their lands. To them, their way of life was changing and the attitude became that of kill or be killed, protecting family and possessions at any cost.Buffalo was a major source of food, shelter and material items that the Lakota relied heavily on to sustain them. As the White man encroached on the Lakota Territory, they felt that if they eradicated the Buffalo, the Lakota Tribe would be easier to manage and beat down. With the Government policy in the mid 1860s being that of confining all Indians to reservations, the Establishment of the Great Sioux Reservation through the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty was proposed. This would drastically change their way of life and make them dependent upon the government to survive.The treaty proposed the following * Set parenthesis a 25 million acre tract of land for the Lakota and Dakota encompassing all the land in South Dakota west of the Missouri River, to be known as the Great Sioux Reservation * Permit the Dakota and Lakota to hunt in areas of Nebraska, Wyoming, Montana, and North Dakota until the buffalo were gone * exit for an agency, grist mill, and schools to be located on the Great Sioux Reservation * Provide for land allotments to be made to individual Indians and provide clothing, blankets, and rations of food to be distributed to all Dakotas and Lakotas living within the bounds of the Great Sioux Reservation.The majority of the Lakota males did not sign this treaty and since the government did not keep an eye on their end of the bargain and broke treaty many times as it suited them, numerous battles were fought speckle they tried to keep their independence. Eventually the Lakota tried to live on the reservation and by the governments guidelines, but without horses or guns, they could not hunt and the rations promised to them were either always late or didnt record up at all. The Lakota were encouraged towards self-sufficiency by imposed farming, and the government did everything it could to civilize the Tribe by making them dress in American traditional clothing and outlawing their rituals and ceremonies.

RJR Nabisco Case Study Essay Example for Free

RJR Nabisco Case Study EssayExecutive SummaryThe RJR Nabisco flake study was use to implement concepts that I check learned in class during the semester and apply it to the real world. The Nabisco case allowed me to dilate my skills by using an outgo Worksheet, understanding how to calculate the unobjection subject abide by value per share, and determining the fair value price per share by ever-changing the measure dictate and growing cast.First, I was expect to construct an Excel Worksheet. Using the prone data and analyzing the case, I was able to find all of the decided variables needed in the Excel Worksheet. Using these fixed variables, I was able to use my prior skills in Excel to construct equations to find the dependent variables, such as the fair value price per share.This case also helped me develop my skills in calculating the fair value price per share. Using the different variables assumption in this case, I was able to use equations to find the best e stimate for the fair value price per share of RJR Nabisco.The third benefit I gained from this assignment was how the tax rate and growth rate touched the fair value price per share. Using the previous data and the reusable Excel Sheet, I was able to find the changes in the fair value price per share due to changes in the tax and growth rate.Overall, the RJR Nabisco case helped me develop my skills in using Excel Worksheets. It also let me apply what I have learned in class about calculating the fair value price per share, and allowed me to experience it in a more realistic setting. I was also able to see how changes in the tax rate and growth rate affect the fair value price per share.1. Construct a reusable Excel sheet that computes the fair value per share using the information given in the case. Please behave sure that your Excel sheet can closely approximate the value per share given in the case ($108).I was able to construct an Excel Worksheet (see page 5) that was able to us e the information given in the RJR Nabisco Case Study. I was able to make it using different variables that would allow me to change the tax rate andgrowth rate to get the next two answers.2. In your Excel sheet, change the input signal cell for tax rate to 15%. What is the new fair value per share?By changing the tax rate to 15%, it causes the price per share to increase to $123.193. Change the tax rate underpin to 34% and this time change the perpetual growth rate to 5%. What is the new fair value per share?By changing the tax rate back to 34% and moving the growth rate up to 5%, it causes the price per share to increase to $125.14.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)IntroductionPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are make of two or to a greater extent fused aromatic sound, where PAHs with two or collar rings film secondary molecular(a) weight and acute toxicity whereas PAHs with high molecular weight (4 or more rings) have shown high carcinogenic potential.These compounds are often products of incomplete combustion reactions where there is a inadequacy of oxygen, there are two types of PAH natural and anthropogenic which whoremaster be found in many contrastive kinds of proves . However, the ratio of natural processes to anthropogenic processes is very low.PAHs can form due to a potpourri of anthropogenic sources the main one is believed to be atmospheric decomposition, other sources include thermal combustion processes, vehicular dismissals and biomass burning 3. PAHs movementd from incomplete combustion reactions reach the sea via the atmosphere and rivers .Due to the causes listed to a h igher place the United States environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other agencies formed regulations for the perception and monitoring of PAHs in the human environment, with new analytic manners being produced with better sensitivity and selectivity . Overall the EPA has selected sixteen PAHs as anteriority pollutants 4.To verify different PAHs in brine is difficult as the overall solubility of PAHs in water system is low, and continues to decrease as molecular weight increases, the low solubility in turn effects the hydrophobic nature ( betwixt 3 and 8) and and whence the c at one timentration of PAHs dissolved in saltwater is very low .There are a figure of methods used to analyse the PAHs in seawater and other types of water. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is the most widely used analytical technique in analysing PAHs in seawater samples in this document HPLC go away be discussed along with other analytical methods such(prenominal) as Gas Chromatogr aph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS).This document focuses on info and results from the following(a) papersDetermination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection following micelle-mediated pre tightfistedness V. Pino et al.Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in pissing and Sediment of the Baltic SeaGC-MS Analysis of Total oil Hydrocarbons and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Seawater Samples after the jointure CapeOil Spill Christopher M. Reddy and James G. QuinnEach paper will be individually introduced and the sample preparation, analytical method and any results significant to the separation will be discussed. The methods will then be compared, giving the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection following micelle-mediated preconcentration V. Pino et al.This paper looked at how non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene-10-lauryl ether (POLE) can be used for extraction of PAHs in seawater and compared cloud-point extraction (CPE)-HPLC and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE)-GC-MS.Sample PreparationThe sample was prompt by shaking fuel-oil with natural seawater for one hour, and then allowed to settle and age overnight, until phase separation. The aqueous layer was removed and mixed with POLE until a final solution of 1% (w/v) was reached in the surfactant. quest this 3.0 ml of aliquots in the presence of the 1% surfactant solution dissolved in artificial seawater were administered to CPE. In order to test the reliability of the method used for preconcentration and separation of PAHs, the PAHs were analysed from spiked and un-spiked seawater samples.The method was evaluated by victimisation LLE and GC-MS, overall finale was processed using the mass values which related to the molecular ions of the different PAHs .AnalysisOnce the two phases had been separa ted, 25 l of the surfactant-rich phase was injected into the system. The HPLC method used in this instance to determine and separate the PAHs consisted of side elution with a fluorescence detector. The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and water with a linear gradient from 55 to 100% acetonitrile for 30 minutes and 100% acetonitrile for 10 minutes. The newspaper chromatography tugboat used for the analysis was a reversed phase C18 column (Table 1) with a Bondapak C18 guard column.Table 1 Vydac 201TP54 Reversed Phase C18ColumnColumn length x internal diam / mm250 x 4.6 division size / m5Pore size / 300A flow rate of 1 ml / minute was used to elute the compounds.ResultsEach PAH gave an acceptable memory board time with a sexual relation standard deviation between 0.64 and 0.83%.The seawater contaminated with fuel-oil were analysed by both CPE-HPLC and LLE-GC-MS (Table 3). As can be seen the PAHs with fewer aromatic rings have similar results with both techniques where as the PAHs with more aromatic rings are different this could be due to the lower sensitivity in GC-MS.Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment of the Baltic Sea G.WittDuring the years 1992 to 1994, 15 PAHs were analysed in seawater from the Baltic Sea during the different seasons. The method used is based on HPLC with fluorescence detection.Sample Preparation156 seawater samples were collected from various depths, approach water (2-15m), bottom water (below the halocline) and surface micro layer (0-0.2 cm). The PAHs from the samples were separated and extracted via a HPLC column three fractions were obtained using 9 ml pentane, 9 ml pentane/10% dichloromethane and 9 ml acetone as the eluents. The PAHs were contained into the second fraction and was evaporated down to 500 l.AnalysisThe HPLC column used to separate the sample in to fractions was a MERCK LiChrospher Si 100-5 (Table 4)Table 4 MERCK LiChrospher Si 100-5Column length x internal diameter / mm250 x 4Particl e size / l5Pore diameter / 60MatrixSilica gelThe column used in the analysis of the PAHs was a GROM PAH using gradient elution (Table 5).Table 5 GROM PAHColumn length x internal diameter / mm250 x 4EluentsA) WaterB) CANFlow rate / ml min-11Temperature / C20A fluorescence detector was used, along with a wavelength programme for optimal detection of all PAHs (Table 6).From the 16 PAHs listed as priority pollutants, acenaphthylene was the altogether one not detected as it does not show fluorescence activity.ResultsIt was seen that there were a greater amount of lower molecular weight PAHs varying in concentration from 1 to 4.5 ng/L-1 in relation to high molecular weight PAHs which remained below ng/L-1.The concentration of PAHs in different seasons was to a fault compared, it was seen that autumn had the highest concentration this maybe because of low microbial degradation and photo-oxidation during the season and summer had the lowest. During the winter months, the temperature of se awater is low which inhibits the microbial degradation of the PAHs. In spring the plankton are in abundance and thus cause a large amount of loose matter to be produced which may transfer the PAHs to the sea floor. This was in general true for two/three ring PAHs, four to six rings however have a higher persistence to microbial degradation.The amount of PAHs in the surface micro layer was 2-13 times higher than that of the water below this can be due to the atmospheric input .GC-MS Analysis of Total crude Hydrocarbons and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Seawater Samples after the North CapeOil Spill Christopher M. Reddy and James G. Quinn 6GC-MS was used to measure PAHs in seawater samples after the North Cape oil spill.Sample PreparationThe samples were spiked with internal standards which consisted of the following 10 to 25 g docosane and 2 g each of naphthalene-d8, biphenyl-d10, acenaphthene-d10, anthracene-d10 and perylene-d12. After the samples were spiked they were shake n and extracted once with 100 ml methylene chloride and twice more with 100 ml of hexane. The organic extracts were then have and rotary-evaporated to 1 ml while being solvent-exchanged into hexane. Following this the hexane extract was chromatographed and the first fraction (obtained by eluting with 20 ml of a 70/30 mixture of hexane/methylene chloride) containing the aromatic hydrocarbons was rotary-evaporated to a small intensiveness (100 l) and spiked with an external recovery standard (1.2 g o-terphenyl in isooctane), and injected into the GC-MS detector.AnalysisThe PAHs were first extracted with methylene chloride and hexane and then fractionated via HPLC using silica gel. The analysis was done using a Hewlett-Packard 5890 Series II GC with a Hewlett-Packard 5971 mass selective detector. After the sample was injected, the compounds were separated using a 30m JW Scientific DB-XLB fused silica-capillary column (Table 7).Table 7JW Scientific DB-XLB fused silica-capillary column Column length x internal diameter / mm30,000 x 0.25Film thickness / m0.25Temperature limit / C340-360According to the website 7 this column has low polarity and is excellent for PAHs.The oven was set at 70C for 1.5 minutes, then ramped to 320C at 10C per minute, and then held for a further 10 minutes.The detector was run in selected-ion monitoring (SIM) sensory system for ions that have an m/z of 50 to 550, PAHs usually range between 128 and 234 m/z.ResultsA essence of 54 seawater samples were collected and analysed were collected between day 4 and day 132 after the North Cape oil spill, results from a week after the oil spill showed that there were high concentration of PAHs, with the total sum coming too 115 g L-1, these are some of the highest values for a marine oil spill. The relative percentage deviations for duplicate samples for total PAHs came to The use of other GC detectors such as GC flame ionisation detector which is widely used may not be suitable for the detection o f PAHs as often lower limits of detection are needed, which is why GC-MS would be used. equation of analytical methodsThe most popular technique for the separation and determination of PAHs is HPLC however a disadvantage of this is that gradient elution must be used opposed to isocratic elution due to the samples complexity. Other factors include that HPLC is expensive, and that it requires large amounts of solvent in particular when gradient elution is used.The paper by V. Pino et al. and the paper by G. Witt both used HPLC reversed phase column with a fluorescence detector, however Pino et al. used a surfactant with a low retention time (POLE) which allowed for the determination of PAHs which were more polar. In Figure 2 the compounds eluted between 7 and 40 minutes using the above method whereas the method used by Witt produced a chromatogram (Figure 3) which shows the products eluted between 7 and 23 minutes. The difference in retention times shows that the method used by Witt was more useful.However, the samples of seawater used for analysis by each paper were from different sources, Pino et al. does not state where the seawater samples were taken, while Witt took the sample from the Baltic Sea. Pino et al. only extracted 14 PAHs but Witt extracted all 16 PAHs listed by the EPA. From the data listed in Tables 2 and 6 it can be seen that there are comparable results such as Phenanthrene which eluted in 13.9 minutes for Pino et al. and 12.2 minutes for Witt, the emission wavelengths measured were identical at 370 nm and that the excitation wavelength only differed by 2 nm between Pino (248 nm) and Witt (246 nm).Overall, the HPLC methods used by both papers shows that it is a reliable method for determining PAHs in seawater, a fluorescence detector was used as the filters select the excitation and emission wavelengths and it reduces the complexity of the chromatogram which provides orthogonal information.Even though HPLC seems the most popular technique GC- MS is being used to analyse the PAHs after they have been separated by HPLC. This change could be because GC is faster than HPLC and that with a mass spectrometer (MS) detector it is possible to corporate trust detection, quantification and identification. GC-MS is especially good for complex mixtures such as seawater where several analytes have similar retention times.