Free Essays on Analysis of Welty’s Works

A Brief Analysis of Eduora Welty’s Works In the hands of a proficient author a short story is a powerful instrument. Though some authors write short stories simply to entertain their audience, there are many authors who see the short story as a tool. These authors choose to use the brief but capturing medium that a short story offers as a catalyst to reveal a specific message or moral to their audience. Most readers are accustomed to authors using this method of dispensing ideas and have come to expect some type of message or purpose to be obvious within the content of what they read. Unfortunately, this has, in some aspects, made many readers lazy and unimaginative and when a short story’s purpose is not so obvious, it often has the effect of making the reader feel that the story was pointless. Someone who has read a short story by Eudora Welty often responds in that very way, feeling that the story served no purpose. Readers of Welty commonly have first impressions of her stories as being unrealistic, inane, obscure, and simply a waste of time. Many often feel that her stories serve little purpose other than to entertain Welty herself. Of course there is much truth in that Welty writes to express and therefore amuse herself, but her stories are much more than simply her own artistic musings. Although the majority of Welty’s writings take place in the same geographical region and is targeted to a specific audience, her writings are truly intended for all audiences and are filled with substance that most anyone can enjoy. What Welty’s readers frequently do not realize is that the story will only be as entertaining as they will allow it to be, and the story’s purpose remains hidden simply because they let it. While much of Welty’s writings seem targeted to a specific audience, few of her works actually require a prior acquaintance to the subject matter. Though the content and characters change throughout... Free Essays on Analysis of Welty’s Works Free Essays on Analysis of Welty’s Works A Brief Analysis of Eduora Welty’s Works In the hands of a proficient author a short story is a powerful instrument. Though some authors write short stories simply to entertain their audience, there are many authors who see the short story as a tool. These authors choose to use the brief but capturing medium that a short story offers as a catalyst to reveal a specific message or moral to their audience. Most readers are accustomed to authors using this method of dispensing ideas and have come to expect some type of message or purpose to be obvious within the content of what they read. Unfortunately, this has, in some aspects, made many readers lazy and unimaginative and when a short story’s purpose is not so obvious, it often has the effect of making the reader feel that the story was pointless. Someone who has read a short story by Eudora Welty often responds in that very way, feeling that the story served no purpose. Readers of Welty commonly have first impressions of her stories as being unrealistic, inane, obscure, and simply a waste of time. Many often feel that her stories serve little purpose other than to entertain Welty herself. Of course there is much truth in that Welty writes to express and therefore amuse herself, but her stories are much more than simply her own artistic musings. Although the majority of Welty’s writings take place in the same geographical region and is targeted to a specific audience, her writings are truly intended for all audiences and are filled with substance that most anyone can enjoy. What Welty’s readers frequently do not realize is that the story will only be as entertaining as they will allow it to be, and the story’s purpose remains hidden simply because they let it. While much of Welty’s writings seem targeted to a specific audience, few of her works actually require a prior acquaintance to the subject matter. Though the content and characters change throughout...

Doves Campaign for Real Beauty Case Study Essays

Doves Campaign for Real Beauty Case Study Essays Doves Campaign for Real Beauty Case Study Essay Doves Campaign for Real Beauty Case Study Essay TABLE of CONTENTS TOPICPAGE Executive Summary1 Problem Statement2 Situation Analysis: Objectives and Goals, Background, Market and External Environment Analysis2 Situation Analysis: Competition Analysis3 Situation Analysis: S. W. O. T. Analysis4 Situation Analysis: Segmentation Analysis5 Situation Analysis: Consumer Analysis6 Key Success Factors and Uncertainties6 Analysis of Alternative Solutions7 Recommendations9 Action Plan and Contingency Plan10 Bibliography11 Executive Summary Kerstin Dunleavy needs to determine how to maintain the Dove brand’s momentum. The key objectives and goals of the Dove product line is to increase market share, develop a strong marketing campaign, retain functional strengths of the brand, maintain the image of the â€Å"Real Beauty† campaign, and staying ahead of competition. Due to the highly competitive industry, marketing communication is critical to ensure campaign momentum. Kerstin must decide how to keep the drive of the initial campaign going. This will be achieved by introducing a new campaign. Through the use of internet, billboards, and media advertising, sincere communication will be achieved by the use of the concept copy thrust. An analysis of how communication messages will reach target market, what the message should communicate, public relation tactics, and sales promotion will take place in order to ensure the objectives and goals of the second phase of the Dove campaign is successful. Case Study: Dove’s Campaign for Real Beauty Problem Statement: Unilever’s Dove beauty product has proven successful of its relaunch and repositioning strategy. Despite this success, Kerstin Dunleavy needs to determine how to maintain the brand’s momentum while staying ahead of the competition and continuing to redefine beauty by maintaining a sense of integrity in society. Kerstin Dunleavy is required to use different advertising, publicity and sales promotion strategies in order to continue onto phase two of the Dove relaunch campaign. Situation Analysis: Objectives and Goals: Initially, Unilever’s objectives and goals of rebranding Dove’s image were to increase market share, develop a strong marketing campaign and retain the functional strengths of the brand. Because of the success from the societal marketing techniques in Dove’s initial campaign, these objectives have expanded to include maintaining the image of â€Å"Real Beauty†, staying ahead of competition and improving communication about Dove’s products in order to increase the sincerity of their advertisements. Background Analysis: Unilever was one of the largest consumer products companies in the world. The company had modified its branding policies in recent years. These modifications have emphasized brand names and a new public image. Unilever have four product lines that are organized into Cooking and eating, Beauty and Style, Healthy Living and Around the House. The Beauty and Style product line had developed Dove in the United States as a non-irritating skin cleaner. An independent study found Dove to be milder than 17 leading soaps and eventually they expanded its product line to included body wash, facial cleansers, moisturizers, deodorants and hair care products. Revenues from this product line reached $3 billion in 2005. Market and External Environmental Analysis: The beauty industry is highly competitive, with well-supported brands, big advertising budgets and a high degree of product similarity. Because of these factors, marketing and communications are crucial to Dove’s success. The development of a strong ethical position has catapulted Dove into a socially sound campaign. In the beauty industry, there is a misconstrued social image of what beauty is all about. This image has had negative effects on women all over the world. Low self-esteem, narrow definition of beauty, and obesity has been the result of advertising campaigns by beauty product companies. The Dove Research Study provided an opportunity for Dunleavy’s team to recreate the beauty image. This recreation has proven to increase Dove’s social responsibility to help women feel good about themselves again. Dove had developed self-confidence work shops for women and girls, which are in line with its objective of maintaining the â€Å"Real Beauty† image. Using women from different ethnic background is also a good strategy for Dove to continue. This strategy welcomes international women differences and Dunleavy’s team gained a competitive advantage by using women of all shapes, sizes and color. Dunleavy’s team used technology in innovative ways to launch the website campaignforrealbeauty. com, online vote casting, chat rooms, electronic billboards and mobile marketing events. The use of technology to market is becoming increasingly popular and Dunleavy should continue to be cutting edge in this category. The website chat rooms will give light to what women want in products and it will also develop a database to help accessing the target market preferred with mass advertising. Since the Unilever Company sells its products internationally, Dunleavy must be aware of many countries advertising legal requirements. This could pose a challenge from the Western Advertising campaign and the Eastern Advertising campaigns. The Internet campaigns with the new Canadian privacy laws may also have different legal restraints that will need to be carefully researched. For example, some chat forums and personal information may need to be protected. The beauty industry has continued to grow. In fact, even in a recession, the beauty industry has flourished and has not been impacted by a decline. With the advances of new technology and ew product awareness, the beauty product industry has been able to deliver products to its customers at reasonable prices. Competition Analysis: Because the beauty industry is highly competitive with similar products, competitors have turned their advertising emphasis from product-related variables to consumer-related variables. This means appealing to the consumer’s emotional psyche and situational influence has become increasingly important. Dove has stepped out of the box and went against its competitors in order to separate themselves and gain a competitive advantage in order to appeal to these emotional psyches. S. W. O. T Analysis: Strengths:  ·Established in 1957, Dove was found to be milder than 17 leading bars of soap.  ·Unilever is one of the largest consumer product companies in the world.  ·The Dove product is a pioneer of its type of product.  ·Unilever has devoted a big advertising budget to rebrand the Dove line and its product image.  ·The first phase of the relaunch of the brand has proven successful.  ·Unilever has quality products and is well positioned.  ·Dove was the first company to redefine the image of beauty; this gives them the competitive advantage. They are now seen as an industry expert with top-quality brands.  ·The creation of the Self-Esteem fund was established and other Not for Profit groups have flourished and women and girls are feeling better about themselves. Weaknesses:  ·Similar product qualities as competitor’s products.  ·Because Dove was the first to redefine beauty, all eyes are on them as a new industry leader.  ·Highly competitive pricing; therefore, leads to small profit margins Opportunities:  ·Redefining Beauty allowed the Dove campaign to distinguish themselves as a quality product and socially responsible company. The new image of what women perceive beauty to be is an opportunity for Dove to develop a strong ethical position and realign ethical and social strategies with their products.  ·Since the campaign, sales have continued to rise, but high product saturation suggests that the industry is in its maturity stage.  ·Technology has allowed the Dove Campaign to reach women internati onally.  ·Free Media coverage by means of journalists, TV shows (Oprah), high profiled debates, and open forums have given Dove free press on their products and their public image. Threats  ·Highly competitive environment. The relaunch campaign could fizzle away and competitors could imitate Dunleavy’s campaign.  ·Since there is a lot of free media coverage, Dove is unable to control this coverage and some negative publicity could be reflected on them. Segmentation Analysis: Segmentation Chart for Dove Beauty Products SegmentYoung WomenMid Aged WomenPrime Time Women Qualifying Dimensions Who? Girls and Women Age16 to 29Women Age 30-39Women Age 40 and older What? Moisturizing creams, tanning enhancer creams, acne creams, cleansers, SPF ProductsMoisturizing creams, cleaners, SPF productsPro-Age wrinkle creams, cleansers, Oils Why? Used to treat different skin problems at different stages of life. Reduce the acne and moisturizeUsed to treat different skin problems at different stages of life. Example reduce the appearance of the start of fine lines and wrinklesUsed to treat different skin problems at different stages of life. Example reduce appearance of wrinkles TrendsGrowingGrowingGrowing Determining dimensions Benefits soughtTo promote a habit of proper cleaning patterns and applying sunscreenTo promote a habit of applying sunscreen and how to prevent early appearance of wrinklesTo reduce the appearance of wrinkles and to properly moisturize Consumer Analysis: Dunleavy’s first phase of the campaign targeted 30 to 39 year old women. This target market is selected because these women have not yet tried skin-firming products. The broader segment is any woman who uses creams, soaps and lotions. In order to convey its message effectively to its target audience, the Dove Research Study revealed that all women want to be beautiful, but was feeling pressure from beauty product advertising to convey to an unrealistic image of beauty. Unilever used this research and insight to have women look at themselves and open a dialogue on what beauty is. Due to this newfound beauty image, consumers have reacted to the Dove product line by switching from competitor’s products. Consumers are becoming loyal and consumer retention is high. This increase in market share gives Dove an opportunity to retain this specific target market in the future. If consumer retention is achieved, then a new target market could be established for women 40 and older. At this age women would start to see the effects of aging and creams geared specifically to this new stage of life could be promoted. See Exhibit 1 for additional information. Key Success Factors and Uncertainties Key Success Factors. The main factors, which are vital to the success of the continued momentum of Dove’s campaign, need to include a sense of integrity in its repositioning strategy, and to complete a value-driven marketing communication strategy, in order to increase the sincerity of their advertisements. Maintaining the image as the â€Å"industry expert† and â€Å"top-quality† brand is also a key success factor. Key Uncertainties. The biggest uncertainty with the phase two of the relaunch of the Dove Campaign is how the competition will react to the campaign and if they follow suit, what Dove can do to stay a step ahead. Analysis of Alternatives Screening Criteria: Three decision criteria will be applied to each of the suggested alternatives to select the best fit for Dunleavy’s phase two of the relaunch campaign. Those criteria are:  ·the alternatives ability to market effectively to the desired target market.  ·the alternatives ability to effectively convey the sense of integrity and positive attributes of what â€Å"Real Beauty† should portray  ·the alternatives ability to remain an industry expert and product quality image Alternatives: Alternative #1 – Develop and present a strong presentation to continue the â€Å"Real Beauty† campaign Pros:  ·Presentation will convey the positive aspects of the current campaign by highlighting key factors of success. The campaign would continue to be used as a promotional tool, which focuses on the ability to reach a mass target market.  ·A strong social and ethical presence is created and brand loyalty and longevity is established. Cons:  ·Since the campaign has proven to be such a success, competitors may follow suite with a similar campaign and Dove may find themselves blending with them. This alternative is considered to be a viable alternative as it meets all of the decision criteria; however since competition is fierce in this industry, it is likely Dove’s competitors will follow suit and Dove would then lose their competitive advantage. Alternative #2 Develop and present a strong presentation to introduce a new campaign, with the continued use of internet, billboards and media advertising. Special attention will be given to the concept of copy thrust, in order to improve the sincerity and communication that is desired with the Dove products. Pros:  ·Presentation will introduce a new campaign, but focus on key objectives and goals sought by Unilever.  ·Keep ahead of the competition by being unpredictable in its marketing campaigns and also by being an industry leader.  ·Campaign could be directed at a new target market, which would increase market share  ·New campaign can use already established media and technology to promote its products and connect with its target market. Cons:  ·A new advertising campaign can be costly. There is a risk that the new campaign will not be successful and will be over shadowed by phase one of the â€Å"Real Beauty† campaign, that is, high expectations to live up too. This alternative is considered to be a viable alternative as it meets all of the decision criteria, it is considered to be a stronger alternative than alternative #1 because it allows Dove to remain an industry expert and stay a step ahead of its competitors. It also allows Dove to control the communication me ssages to its target customers. Evaluation of alternatives. Alternative 1 satisfies some of the evaluation criteria, by continuing to provide good branding image. It will also continue to enforce the new idea of the â€Å"Real Beauty† image. Alternative 2 is the best option, as it will allow Dove to step ahead and create a new target market. Because of the success of the first campaign, Dove is in the public eye and how messages are reaching the target audience is crucial to keeping the momentum alive. Analysis of Alternatives Decision Matrix To determine the best alternative a weighted decision matrix and rating scale is used. For rating the alternatives, 1 is a low rating and 5 is a high rating. Alternatives Evaluation criteriaWeight12 #1-Market effective the desired target market25%34 #2-Convey a sense of integrity25%34 #3–Retain strength of the Dove brand25%44 #4-Ability to remain an industry expert25%35 Weighted Total 100%. 751. 25 Alternative 2 offers the greatest match to the evaluation criteria as it received the highest weighted total in the decision matrix. Recommendation: While both of the alternatives meet the decision criteria and are considered viable alternatives, a choice between the alternatives should be made based on their order of effectiveness from the decision grid. Alternative two offers an introduction to a new target market, improved communication strategies and maintenance of the â€Å"top brand quality† and â€Å"industry expert† image. Dunleavy needs to follow specific advertising, publicity and sales promotion strategies to ensure the new campaign continues the required momentum that Unilever is looking for. The following action plan will explain how to achieve these desired objectives and goals. Action Plan: Short Term (0-6 months): Analysis of the how the communication messages will reach the target market. Dove’s promotion method should be to communicate brand and product information to its potential target market and influence their behaviour and attitudes. Dove has accomplished this successfully by means of mass selling. This method should be continued in the new campaign as it has the ability to reach a large audience at the same time, which proves to be cost effective. The new campaign should focus on institutional advertising, that is, continue to promote the company’s image and reputation. Since Dove is at the maturity stage and brand insistence is increasing, Dunleavy should promote the new product by reminder advertising. Since the new market of women over 40 is being targeted, the Dove Pro-Age product line should be the main product promoted. The development of new billboards, a new product website, and advertising campaigns are communication tools that need to occur. Analysis of copy thrust, that is, what the message should communicate. Dunleavy needs to listen to the research and use the AIDA model to help guide what messages should be on the Billboards, new website and advertisements. Attention – Continue to use real women in advertising and billboards. Holding Interest – the use of women over 40 is a must and their experiences and attitudes must be portrayed in order to set the tone of the ads desired. Arousing Desire – the desire to stay looking young, yet embracing age will be a key requirement in the ads as well. Obtaining Action – is the desired end result that the Dove product is looking for. By using direct-response ads to encourage consumers to research or encouraging Pro-Age instead of Anti-Age may be a technique to spark buying behaviour and it will keep in line with the original â€Å"real beauty† image. Increase Public Relations Continue to work with media to generate positive publicity of growing old gracefully and embracing the prime time stage of life. This type of advertising strategy has work well for dove in the past and it has many benefits. For example, it is free; highly credible with consumers, uninvasive, and the audience is more attentive. Dove will need to ensure the copy thrust of publicity is what it is intending to say. The one draw back of free publicity is that Dove will not be able to totally control what is said; however, they can steer the media into the right direction. Since the current image of Dove associated with media is favorable, this should be a relatively easy task. Sales Promotion A sales promotion should be used to generate and stimulate the new target market. This can be done by customers going onto the new product website, to access free products or coupons. Sales promotion will only last for a short time, but may entice customers to switch from a competitors brand, or try a new product. Longer Term: Once the communication strategies are in place, Dove should continue to support its Not for Profit groups and foundations. By showing this continued support, Dove is showing how committed they are to ensuring confidence in woman is important to them. This will increase brand insistence, consumer loyalty, and company image. Monitoring website traffic, forums, and comments should also continue. This will give Dove insight to creating new products, and learn the new trends in marketing. Contingency Plan: If the new campaign does not flourish the â€Å"Real Beauty† Campaign should continue and new ideas should be generated in order to stay ahead of competition. Dunleavy needs to be consistent in her communications to the public and each message should be carefully analyzed in order to portray the proper image. Bibliography 1. Perreault, William. , McCarthy, Jerome. , Meredith, Lindsay. , Ricker, Lynne. , (2007). Basic Marketing A Global-Managerial Approach 12th Edition. 2. Web site www. doveproage. com 3. Web site www. campaignforrealbeauty. com

Investment Bubble Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Investment Bubble - Personal Statement Example Virtually, a spiral sets in with more investment coming through causing more escalation in price of the said asset. Within few months price soars beyond imagination of all and the level of rationality. Even at this level, buying keeps supporting the price. Those who were not the part of this boom feel like having missed the bus and decide to plunge into it with all available resources. Soon, price reaches to a level, which cannot be justified by any of the known established investment theories even after discounting all future cash flow streams in a most optimistic scenario. Such a level of price cannot be sustained for a long period of time and discerning speculators start unloading at the peak of the heat. Price starts falling quickly and gullible retail investors who are in thousands cannot fathom that ‘bubble has burst indeed’ and hold on to their investment causing them insurmountable loss in the asset wiping their most of the capital. It will be worth exploring and to live some of the investment bubbles in a different class of assets across the world before identifying the key issues involved with an investment bubble versus a long term investment. Japanese Stock Market Bubble It will be interesting to track the movement of Nikkei 225 between the period of 1983 and 1991to understand how did the stock market burst eventually. The index which was hovering Source:http://www.chartsrus.com/chart.php?image=http://www.sharelynx.com/chartstemp/free/chartind1CRU.php?ticker=^N225 around 8,300 in 1983 peaked to more than 38,000 in December 1989. The boom period continued for almost 6 years giving a stupendous rise to the stock price. For many, it was a great period of investment giving them return of 500% or more. However, the bubble burst after that and index came down crashing to nearly half at 19,000 within a year. It plunged further down to 14,000 by third quarter of 1993. The most tragic part is that the exactly after 20 years Nikkei touched the sa me level of 8,300 that is where it started off in 1983. It was a complete reversal and complete washout of investment. (Japan Nikkei 225 2011) Investment Bubble versus Long Term Investment Above incident raises several issues worth contemplating. A common understanding among investors is that the investment always rises with time and with the expansion of economy, but here a totally different phenomenon has surfaced. Anyone who invested in Japanese stock market in 1983 and stayed with the investment until 2003 virtually had no return on his or her investment though it may be termed as a long term investment without resorting to any speculative activity. Investor is back to square one. This certainly defies the theory that a long term investment always pays. Japan has certainly progressed between 1983 and 2003 that is evident from the GDP figures. In 1983, Japan’s GDP was $10,987.22 (Japan GDP - per Capita 2011) in terms of purchasing power parity point of view which grew to $ 33,884.84 in the same terms. It is true that the bubble has burst but how to justify the same valuation even after 20 years. This indicates that the rise and fall of the investment is not always linked to the time and economic expansion in general. It is a quantum of the money chasing targeted asset plays a pivotal role in the appreciation of an asset. Bubble in Precious Metal In another class of asset namely Gold, the situation is again not much different. During economic or

The Society effects of Drugs in the community of Milwaukee Essay

The Society effects of Drugs in the community of Milwaukee - Essay Example 2). This report also found that heroin and other opiates have come into play which means that the population of abusers has changed. Now Caucasian males and females from small towns and suburban areas come into Milwaukee to purchase these higher scale drugs. Unfortunately, the mean age of the abusers has also change; adolescents are now experimenting with these stronger drugs. This report suggests that most of the activity is through Hispanic gangs with Asian and African American drug dealers as secondary problems. The Hispanic and African American gangs create problems for residents in the local neighborhoods as they spend time recruiting from those neighborhoods as they distribute their drugs. The drug dealing is often brought into the neighborhood by gangs and distributed. The dealers often come from Chicago and other nearby cities. As an example, a drug bust just found 19 people who were distributing drugs within the city limits. These dealers had a distribution going that came out of Chicago and distributed in Milwaukee each week (Halter, 2008, par. 5). This problem is difficult because many of the street gangs operate in a very sophisticated way. As an example, the National Drug Intelligence Center reports that the Hispanic gangs are very well organized, they have a hierarchical structure and they have established manifestos ("Drug Trafficking Organ izations"). This enables them to distribute drugs faster. They are also using prepaid cellular phones and social networking sites like MySpace to connect with buyers and each other. There are also turf wars from gang problems. Law enforcement predicts that there will be an increase in heroine abuse among young offenders by prescription opiate users because it is cheaper and easier to access. (p. 18). The residents in this area are suffering and have been told by the police to keep their doors locked and

Laptops in School Essay Example for Free

Laptops in School Essay Power on the new paper of the future. Students should be able to have a laptop for schoolwork instead of carrying a binder and using paper for everything they are assigned to do. First of all, homework would be more fun to do on a laptop. Students would be able to put more detail into their work as well as show their personality because of all the features and applications within a computer. Paper assignments on worksheets and bookwork don’t provide this opportunity. This would be fun as students would to be able to create, answer questions, and study if students had the access a computer brings. Secondly, students will find that turning in homework on time is easier with a laptop than traditional paper assignments. A college student said,† Using laptops will help students with their grades. † Once a student completes the assignment, he or she can simply email it to the teacher. Students will not have the excuse of losing the assignment, forgetting it or having a dog eat the homework. Using paper means cutting down trees. Laptops should be a student’s friend. Statistics prove a third point. Statistics show that using laptops in school increases students’ grades. Going more in depth in assignments is what students will do if they have laptops. Also, students have a better chance of turning in their work and therefore grades will improve. Teachers and parents continue to complain that grades drop because students are lazy and don’t remember to turn in homework when it is due. Statistics also show that today’s teens are so involved in every aspect of technology, they would embrace the opportunity to simply use their skills with computers and homework. A student at Brigham Young University who uses his laptop daily, said, â€Å" Laptops are required in college. When using laptops, assignments can be graded quickly because of automated grading done by the computer. Turning in homework through a computer would allow quicker feedback to students. The quick feedback would allow a teacher to see what students are struggling with. Plus, a laptop is better than using paper. Paper is a waste of trees. † About 144,000 trees get cut down each day. Cutting down trees is what is done to get paper. The less trees we have, the less oxygen we have. Finally, laptops will reduce that cutting down of trees in the future predicting a longer life for the earth. In college it is required for students to have laptops. So why not start using laptops now? Most of the work we do in middle school and high school is for college and life after college. The laptop will become a student’s best friend, mentor, helper, and environment saver.

Poverty Within and Without Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Free Essay Writ

Poverty Within and Without â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   How many readers have considered that the utter simplicity within the Nathaniel Hawthorne short story, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† might be an expression or reflection of the utter poverty within the life of Hawthorne? It is the purpose of this essay to clarify this issue.    Hawthorne’s impoverishment probably begain with the untimely death of his father, and continuedfor most of his llife. Gloria C. Erlich in â€Å"The Divided Artist and His Uncles† states that â€Å"Robert Manning made the esential decisions in the lives of the Hawthorne children and is well known as the uncle who sent Hawthorne to college† (35). After graduation from Bowdoin College Hawthorne spent twelve years in his room at home in an intense effort to make something of himself literarily. The Norton Anthology: American Literature states:    Hawthorne’s years between 1825 and 1837 have fascinated his biographers and critics. Hawthorne himself took pains to propogate the notion that he had lived as a hermit who left his upstairs room only for nighttime walks and hardly communicated even with his mother and sisters (547).    Sculley Bradley, Richmond Croom Beatty and E. Hudson Long in â€Å"The Social Criticism of a Public Man† consider his poverty a determining influence in his life: â€Å"†¦a young man engrossed in historical study and in learning the writer’s craft is not notably queer if he does not seek society or marriage, especially if he is poor† (47-48). Fame was slow in coming for the author, likewise prosperity. Clarice Swisher in â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne: a Biography† explains in great detail the unfortunate financial uncertainty which he survived due to a friend:    But when His s... ...nhaven Press, 1996.    Erlich, Gloria C. â€Å"The Divided Artist and His Uncles.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    Hawthorne, Nathaniel. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown.† 1835. http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~daniel/amlit/goodman/goodmantext.html    James, Henry. Hawthorne. http://eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhhj1.html    Lewis, R. W. B. â€Å"The Return into Time: Hawthorne.† In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.      Ã¢â‚¬Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne.† The Norton Anthology: American Literature, edited by Baym et al.   New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1995.    Swisher, Clarice. â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne: a Biography.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.   

Parking slot system Essay

INTRODUCTION A parking space is a location that is designated for parking, either paved or unpaved. Parking spaces can be in a parking garage, in a parking lot or on a city street. It is usually designated by a white-paint-on-tar rectangle indicated by three lines at the top, left and right of the designated area. The automobile fits inside the space, either by parallel parking, perpendicular parking or angled parking. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parking_space) In most countries where cars are the dominant mode of transportation, parking lots are a feature of every city and suburban area. Shopping malls, sports stadiums, mega churches and similar venues often feature car parks of immense area. Wikipedia(2007) There are lots of parking space here in the Philippines who are traditionally operated by the security guards. We don’t have a choice but to follow that traditional operation. Every day that we are traveling in the mall or in any place, we need to find a parking slot. Sometimes there is traffic inside the parking area because most of the drivers can’t find a parking slot for their vehicles. The traditional process of any parking areas are like a cycle, you will enter on the entrance and didn’t know if there is a space for you to able to park your car and you will be driving cyclical on the parking lot and suddenly you will be irritated because you can’t find any space for your car, and you have no choice but to head the exit. This is the cycle that every people experienced every minute, every hour or every day in every parking lot area. The problem of the parking areas is it can’t manage only by the security guard’s, they can’t search the whole area in every minute to know if there is a space for the new incoming drivers on the parking lot unless there is a security guard in every designated area. And most of the parking areas are too small for the customers who have private vehicles. The reasons why we are proposing this research is to reduce the problem of the vehicle drivers who are suffering to find an available space or slot in the parking areas. This research aim to help all the drivers to find a parking space faster and easier than the traditional system. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM How may the manual system be described in terms of: 1.1Time Time consuming of finding a space in parking lot. 1.2AccuracyandConsistency. Increase of problem in parking lot. 1.3Speed Slow in finding a slot for vehicles. 1.4Security No security guard will monitor your vehicles. How may the proposed system be described in terms of: 1.1Time Saving your time to find a parking space. 1.2AccuracyandConsistency Use automated car parking system to reduce wasting of time finding a parking slot. 1.3Speed It’s more quickly to find parking slot. 1.4Security The automated car parking system is more secured than the traditional system.

Defining a Hero: Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird and Atticus Finch’s Heroism Essay

The definition of a hero is varied and intricate. While there are certain types of heroism such as altruistic heroism, or other machismo bravado this paper will seek to find a definition to the specific heroism as exhibited in Harper Lee’s character Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird. A discussion of the definition of hero according to literary terms (as defined by the Greeks, Aristotle and Plato – especially using his philosophy on morality) will be used to set up the paper in order to discover what makes Atticus Finch a classic hero. Such issues as racism and bravery against prejudice will strongly support this thesis claim. The idea of heroism in the form of a literary character has its roots with Greek drama. This drama expressed heroes as having a major flaw. It was this flaw which at once destroyed them but also allowed them to be human and therefore be able to be labeled as heroes. In finding this definition them the readers of Lee’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird must consider what odds are against Atticus Finch and what flaws or flaw he has in his character that allow him to be a human hero. Aristotle’s definition for a hero is one who is not in control of his own fate, but instead is ruled by the gods in one fashion or another – in the case of Atticus Finch his fate and the fate of his trial is determined by the jury. It is then the jury who exhibit control over Finch’s fate and the fate of his client. Although Atticus is a hero of Lee’s story, he must be considered a tragic hero for his bravery is met by opposition and it is this opposition that ultimately wins the battle of justice versus prejudice in Harper Lee’s novel. The tragic hero for Aristotle is tragic because of their lack of control or will in the face of their predetermined future and downfall – a predetermined future which is well established in the bigotry of the jurors in the court case scenes whereby Atticus is shown to be a hero as well as showing his ultimate downfall in the jury convicting Tom Robinson of rape. A great tragic flaw (hamartia) is the hero’s devil may care attitude at the beginning of each story, and then their despondency and stagnation of hope that meets them at the end of the play. This is shown with Atticus’ belief that justice will prevail in the courtroom and his revelation of Mayella Ewell making sexual passes toward Tom and her drunken father Bob Ewell catching her in the act. Thus, hope seems to be lost for the hero. Therefore, although Atticus Finch may be defined as a hero his heroism character traits in the novel still is marked by failure. While Atticus is defined as a hero, his heroism is determined by subjective narration. Harper Lee tells his story through the voice of Scout, Atticus’ daughter, therefore, the idealism with which a daughter has for their father is already in play in determining the character traits of heroism in Atticus Finch (this can be strongly seen when Scout fights the other kids at the playground for calling her father a ‘nigger lover’). Although there is a sincere amount of idealism in play in the novel in regards to Scout’s viewpoint of her father, there are other elements of the story which aid in defining Atticus’ heroism. In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird racism is ubiquitous with the young culture in the town. Just as Atticus is a lawyer in the book, Scout the narrator and child depicts the scene of racism thusly, â€Å"My fists were clenched I was ready to make fly. Cecil Jacobs had announced the day before that Scout Finch’s daddy defended niggers. † Though Scout continually defends Atticus on the playground and in other parts of town, the racist remarks do not stop. Even Scout’s cousin Francis is overwhelmingly supplied with racist remarks, â€Å"At a safe distance her called, `He’s nothin’ but a nigger-lover’.† In Scout’s defense of her father the reader is already subjected to her viewpoint on Atticus being a hero – and a hero is made that much grander when they are up against the evil majority of a town and they have the support of their family. It is perhaps both of these elements; that of going against the odds and of Scout’s unquestionable devotion to her father’s cause, that make Atticus Finch a hero. It is in racism, and the reality of that prejudice that the entire town’s lives are changed, and the political arena of the courtroom shows itself as discriminatory. It is against this charge of discrimination that Atticus may be defined as a hero, and it is also his failure against this prejudice that makes him a tragic hero. Modern literature juxtaposes a character’s dwindling faith in themselves and reality. Atticus’ reality is that he is trying to save a person in a town wherein they are already found guilty by the color of their skin. There are elements of justice and finding the truth beneath the guise of bigotry that play a major part in support of Atticus’ being a hero. His unwavering pursuit of justice against these odds is what chiefly finds him out to become a hero not in his son’s vision of a father (in that subjective viewpoint) but in a more universal definition: Heroism through moral judgment. In classic Greek drama, Plato’s idea of morality is presented as rational action. Morality isn’t a free will that governs humanity’s actions, but rather it is universal reason (life as a whole) that dictates action, thus in is found Atticus’ heroism. In his moral judgment in defending Tom Robinson and even going against a lynch mob in his pursuit of that justice create in Lee’s story a dynamic force of this moral reality. In Atticus’ is awakened the sense of racial heroism, as Crespino states â€Å"In the twentieth century, To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America, and its protagonist, Atticus Finch, the most enduring fictional image of racial heroism. † (Crespino 9). It is perhaps this one pursuit that most clearly defines the type of heroism found in Atticus Finch’s character, that of a seeker and of a tragic hero. It is in his morality that such a definition can most succinctly be expounded. Human nature is a nature of reason, not strictly adherent to passion or feelings, but rather to a higher calling – it is this higher calling in which readers find Atticus’ heroism, his morality despite an adverse reality. Morality then, becomes the crux of finding heroism in Harper Lee’s novel. Morality is reason. This is not to say that Plato and other classic Greek writers were ascetic; rather they placed passion, and feelings in their plays but the ethics of humanity being tied into the good of a person. Being virtuous, or good leads a character to happiness or release at the end of a story, but it is this lack of release that allows Atticus’ specific type of heroism to exist. He goes into the court case fighting for Tom’s innocence with full knowledge of what his opposition is in that town. The word for this given by Plato is eudemonism, which means blissful and it is the lack of this eudemonism that makes Atticus such a striking and memorable literary character. Atticus was a man filled with faith in human nature; an optimist/realist of some sorts. Plato’s philosophy of human nature doing evil was that a person only does evil in ignorance, for he believed everyone, just as himself wants only what is good, which is Atticus’ attitude in the novel and the quality that makes him a great lawyer is not a hero. In modern literature, the lesson is not about escapism but coming to terms with life and making a fundamental choice, a moral choice. Choices can be broken down into good and evil in modern literature in defining a hero, or to be more exact they can be dichotomized into heroic and a state of succumbing to one’s own humanity. The tragic hero may witness evil deeds and be in a constant state of exposure to them, but in the end of a novel, virtue is heeded. The source of a character doing evil or good is brought about by unlimited desire. Something that goes unmitigated becomes possessive of that person and they in turn want, and want, without satiation which is what Mayella’s character exhibits. This is when the appetitive part of the soul (the part of the soul that wants sex, food, etc. ) overtakes the rational (part seeking truth, and reason) of the soul resulting in moral weakness or akrasia – it is a weakness that does not belong to the character traits of Atticus Finch. By giving Atticus such moral aberrant characters as Mayella and her father, Lee is making Atticus’ heroism that much more pronounced. It is not then self-interest that leads a person to happiness, and there is a definite equilibrium between the allowance of each part of the soul guided by reason, and asceticism. Atticus was a not a Sophist. Without the guidance of moral reason then a state of chaos would ensue entailing an everyman for himself type of attitude which is what the mob in the story renders. Thus, happiness in the novel can only be achieved when that hedonistic attitude is vanquished which occurs when Bob Ewell â€Å"falls on his own knife†. This scene helps in making Atticus less of a tragic hero and more of an altruistic hero. Morality must be shown as adhering to individual interests. Plato did not agree with the type of hedonism exhibited by the Sophists, who thought human nature was an extension of the animal world. Instead, Plato states that the nature of man is reason; and in this reason exists an organized society constructed by reason. This expresses Atticus’ own viewpoint in the story. In understanding this viewpoint and accepting that Atticus strived for reason, that essence of a lawyer to demand justice when there is no shadow of a doubt for a man’s innocence, the reader can better understand the impetus behind Atticus’ moral actions. Happiness for the rational man in modern literature then comes into fruition by governing their more base, animal, desires, which are irrational; it is with Atticus that such states of humanity are more succinctly defined. This morality is extended into the realm of society because of human interaction. Therefore, if a man is to be the pinnacle of reason, and morality, and happiness, then the society that he lives and associates must then also exhibit such a moral temperance. This is the faith by which Atticus bases his lawyer’s argument. If then a society is blinded by hedonism, or pure desire of self, a man in that society has no hope for personal happiness because of lack of morality, reason, and thus fully succumbing to akrasia as can be seen in Atticus and especially Tom’s lives. The concept of good and evil twined together is the elixir of the modern novel; writers breed fears from dreams, the hidden wants of subconscious become known through their character’s actions. Writing and reading novels is a revelation into that unsaid facet of the mind; the mute archetype finally is given voice, and in a way bears witness by both being involved in the action and telling of the story. It is no wonder that lawyers today base their own judgment on that of Atticus’ (a fictional character) moral judgment and decision making. In the arena of heroism, when a character becomes the basis of real life people’s morality, then the status of a hero is cemented. Modern literature is the truth of life and self reflected through plays and characters. Realism is the liquor by which Harper Lee is exemplified. In realism, the writer is stating that circumstances are the focal point of human contingencies. This is especially true for Lee’s Atticus Finch. In this downtrodden representation of everyman the audience is presented with life at its entire naked state, a hero whose battle is lost. That is the promise of modern literature; veracity, despite the overwhelming depression of life and its deception toward everyman. Writers are honest in their writing, and in modern literature realism and not heroic standards of Greek drama but the Achilles heel is what is depicted. Whether or not the novel ends on a happy or sad note, the point is choice – despite Atticus being a tragic hero his strength remains in sticking to that choice. Modern literature gives the audience no illusions about harsh reality, but it also gives the difference between fate and circumstance and makes a hero.

Diploid Cell Definition and Example

Diploid Cell Definition and Example A diploid cell is a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes. This is double the haploid chromosome number. Each pair of chromosomes in a diploid cell is considered to be one  homologous chromosome  set. A single chromosome set consists of two chromosomes, one of which is donated from the mother and the other from the father. Humans have 23 sets of homologous chromosomes. Paired sex chromosomes are the (X and Y) homologues in males and the (X and X) homologues in females. The somatic cells in your body are diploid cells. Somatic cells include all of the cell types of the body, except for the gametes or sex cells. Gametes are haploid cells. During sexual reproduction, gametes (sperm and egg cells) fuse at fertilization to form a diploid zygote. The zygote develops into a diploid organism. Diploid Chromosome Number The diploid chromosome number of a cell is the number of chromosomes in the cell nucleus. This number is commonly abbreviated as 2n, where n stands for the number of chromosomes. For humans, this equation would be 2n46. Humans have 2 sets of 23 chromosomes for a total of 46 chromosomes. Autosomal chromosomes (non-sex chromosomes): 22 sets of 2Sex chromosomes: 1 set of 2 The diploid chromosome number varies depending on the organism with most containing between 10 and 50 chromosomes per cell. Examples of organisms and their diploid chromosome numbers include: Organism Diploid Chromosome Number (2n) E.coli Bacterium 1 Mosquito 6 Lily 24 Frog 26 Humans 46 Turkey 82 Shrimp 254 Diploid Cell Reproduction Diploid cells reproduce by the process of mitosis. In mitosis, a cell makes an identical copy of itself allowing its DNA to be replicated and distributed equally between two daughter cells. Somatic cells go through the mitotic cell cycle, while gametes are reproduced by meiosis. In the meiotic cell cycle, four daughter cells are produced instead of two. These cells are haploid containing half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. Polyploid and Aneuploid Cells The term ploidy refers to the number of chromosome sets found in a cells nucleus. Chromosome sets in diploid cells occur in pairs, while haploid cells contain half the number of chromosomes as a diploid cell. A cell that is polyploid has extra sets of homologous chromosomes. The genome in this type of cell contains three or more haploid sets. For example, a cell that is triploid has three haploid chromosome sets and a cell that is tetraploid has four haploid chromosomes sets. A cell that is aneuploid contains an abnormal number of chromosomes. It may have extra or missing chromosomes or may have a chromosome number that is not a multiple of the haploid number. Aneuploidy occurs as a result of chromosome mutation that happens during cell division. Homologous chromosomes fail to separate correctly resulting in daughter cells with either too many or not enough chromosomes. Diploid and Haploid Life Cycles Most plant and animal tissues consist of diploid cells. In multicellular animals, organisms are typically diploid for their entire life cycles. Plant multicellular organisms, such as flowering plants, have life cycles that vacillate between periods of a diploid stage and a haploid stage. Known as alternation of generations, this type of life cycle is exhibited in both non-vascular plants and vascular plants. In liverworts and mosses, the haploid phase is the primary phase of the life cycle. In flowering plants and gymnosperms, the diploid phase is the primary phase and the haploid phase is totally dependent upon the diploid generation for survival. Other organisms, such as fungi and algae, spend the majority of their life cycles as haploid organisms that reproduce by spores. Key Points Diploid cells are cells with two sets of chromosomes. They have twice the chromosome number of haploid cells.Somatic cells (body cells excluding sex cells) are examples of diploid cells.The diploid chromosome number is the number of chromosomes within a cells nucleus.The diploid chromosome number is represented as 2n and varies among different organisms.A diploid cell replicates by mitosis and preserves the diploid chromosome number by making identical copies of its chromosomes and distributing them equally between two daughter cells.Animal organisms are typically diploid for the entirety of their life cycles.Plant life cycles alternate between diploid and haploid stages.

Poring over Pore and Pour

Poring over Pore and Pour Poring over Pore and Pour Poring over Pore and Pour By Maeve Maddox Some confusion appears to exist regarding the use of pour and pore. Charlie complains that he has to pour through stacks of badly-written letters to the editor every day. In this context the word should be pore. The usual idiom is to pore over. Apparently the preposition through has entered into use, as in the above quotation, and as in this headline in the New York Times: Teachers Pore Through Stacks Of Possibilities The verb pore, with the meaning examine closely, may derive from two Old English words, a verb, spyrian, meaning to investigate, examine, and a noun, spor, meaning a trace, vestige. The noun pore, meaning an opening in the skin, is not related to the verb in the expression to pore over. The noun comes from a Greek word meaning a passageway. The verb pour, meaning to transfer water or some other substance from a container, came into English by way of Old French from a Latin verb, purare, to purify. In ritual practice, objects are purified by pouring water over them. The English word pure comes from Latin purus, pure. The Latin verb came from the Latin noun. Memory device: Lore is learning, knowledge, doctrine. To become well-versed in computer lore or the lore of magic, or the lore of religion, one must pore over learned tomes. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Congratulations on or for?How to spell "in lieu of"8 Great Podcasts for Writers and Book Authors

Power point Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Power point - Essay Example ort can disrupt the functioning of the entire set up at the airport, cause tensions and insecurity of thousands of passengers, and millions of newspaper readers and electronic media read such news reports. As for one’s health and the health of family members, the concern is greatest, as never before. One needs to go the root causes. To illustrate this by an example, look at the mosquito issue and how it is tackled. Mosquitoes thrive on the blood of human beings and hundreds of pesticide manufacturing companies thrive on the blood of mosquitoes. Some of them are big multinationals. Flashy advertisements of their product take of the mosquitoes. Take care how and how long? If you kill the mosquitoes today in your home or office premises, a new batch of mosquitoes is waiting to take over the blood-sucking operations. To find the tangible solutions, one needs to go to the root cause. The root cause of the breeding of mosquitoes is filth. Remove the filth, and give priority to the cleanliness of the premises. The mosquitoes will say farewell to such clean premises for ever. I am giving this fairly long introduction to set your mind thinking, as to how we miss the basics and entertain the superficial details. One month from today, our company will be reaching an important milestone to address to the basic causes of many types of diseases that afflict humanity. The detailed research your company has been doing over this product has resulted in stunning and sterling facts. I am telling you about a product, which you know already, but the merits of which you actually you do not know. The product which we are gong to launch is FAME Honey: Now, let us quickly move to the brass track of business and look up some slides as to how we go about the exercise of launching FAME Honey. All these qualities make honey a great product, the importance of which has come to the notice of the researchers and the medical fraternity. Honey is known to increase the resistance power of the

Instructional Technology Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Instructional Technology Paper - Essay Example Specialized programs have facilitated the conduct of test that give valuable feedback on which to base further teaching schedules. This aspect - technology as an aid to testing - is discussed by Neal Starkman in a feature entitled 'Special Consideration' in the November 2007 issue of the periodical 'The Journal'. The present system of testing followed by most schools across the country is to give a comprehensive, all-encompassing test at the end of the school year. Students get this 'one-shot' opportunity to prove their worth. This can be quite intimidating for students, leading to a pressure to perform that can be quite stressful. Most students cannot cope with this kind of pressure, which reflects in their overall scores as well as on the schools record. Year end tests, being of necessity standardized in nature, also fail to assess individual skills that a child may possess, as they have to be administered to the entire class. Although slight variations exist in the form of semester tests or quarter wise testing, the concept is essentially the same. Students are administered a standardized test and have to wait for the papers to be corrected before they can learn their scores. This is usually in the form of a report card in which the student is also ranked in relation to his peers. Individ ual strengths and weakness are overlooked in this from of testing. This advent of technology that enables frequent, individualized testing makes the old system irrelevant. Schools that have embraced technology have shown substantive improvements in their results. One of the examples discussed by Starkman is of the Oklahoma City's 'Westwood Elementary School'. The school discovered that "one-size-fits-all tests"(Starkman) did not present an accurate view of students abilities. The school therefore introduced a variety of assessment programs such as Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS), Gates-MacGinitie Reading Tests, Accelerated Math and Edusoft software in order to conduct frequent individual tests. The benefits of electronic testing are manifold. Not only do they determine a student's strengths and weaknesses but also suggest the direction future instruction should take, which can be a big help to a teacher. Moreover, since such tests are easy to conduct, they can be given as often as required so that students and teachers get feedback throughout the school year. The school's principal, Jan Borelli who introduced this technology in the school transformed the school from a low performing school to one in which, "student s scored in the top 10 percent on the Oklahoma Core Curriculum Tests" (Starkman). Some critics say that the school is going overboard by having far too many tests, but the results speak for themselves. Similarly, other schools that have introduced technology in their assessment methods are also reporting dramatic increases in student scores. Introduction of the A+nyWhere Learning System in one school resulted in a two-grade equivalent increase in reading standards. There are many factors behind this including accountability and the fact that students get immediate feedback. Moreover, a computer program merely gives the result. It does not judge or comment on the result and is thus not perceived by the students as a threat to their self esteem - the computer, "[is] not giving them attitude... [Students are] not worried about what their